1. Global Cross-Reference

rdf:type Instance
owl:Class:
owl:ObjectProperty:

owl:Class Instance
genre:AdvertisementForm:
genre:AlphabetForm:
genre:AutobiographicalGenre:
genre:CalendarForm:
genre:CartographicForm:
genre:CatalogueForm:
genre:ChildrensLiteratureGenre:
genre:CollectionForm:
genre:ComedicGenre:
genre:DialogueOrDebateGenre:
genre:DidacticGenre:
genre:DigitalMedium:
genre:DramaticGenre:
genre:EmbeddedWork:
genre:EpistolaryGenre:
genre:FeministGenre:
genre:FictionalGenre:
genre:HistoricalGenre:
genre:IllustratedForm:
genre:InformationalGenre:
genre:IntertextualGenre:
genre:JournalForm:
genre:JournalisticGenre:
genre:LGBTQPlusGenre:
genre:LifeWritingGenre:
genre:LiteraryGenre:
genre:MovingMedium:
genre:MusicalGenre:
genre:MusicalNotationForm:
genre:MysteryGenre:
genre:NarrativeGenre:
genre:NovelisticGenre:
genre:OperaGenre:
genre:PedagogicalGenre:
genre:PerformanceMedium:
genre:PhilosophicalGenre:
genre:PoeticGenre:
genre:PoliticalGenre:
genre:PrintMedium:
genre:ProverbForm:
genre:RecordForm:
genre:ReferenceWorkGenre:
genre:ReligiousGenre:
genre:RomanceGenre:
genre:SatiricalGenre:
genre:ScholarlyGenre:
genre:ScriptForm:
genre:SerialForm:
genre:SocialScienceGenre:
genre:SongGenre:
genre:SoundRecordingMedium:
genre:StandaloneWork:
genre:StillImageMedium:
genre:TextualMedium:
genre:ThematicGenre:
genre:ThreeDimensionalMedium:
genre:VisualArtMedium:

2. Terms and Details

owl:Class (64)

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Advertisement Form

Indicates "an audio or visual form of marketing communication that employs an openly sponsored, nonpersonal message to promote or sell a product, service or idea." (DBpedia, 2019)

[skos:altLabel: advertising copy ]

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#AdvertisementForm
Tag: genre:AdvertisementForm
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:Form
skos:closeMatch: dbpedia:Advertising
Instances:

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Alphabet Form

Indicates "a standard set of letters (basic written symbols or graphemes) that is used to write one or more languages based on the general principle that the letters represent phonemes (basic significant sounds) of the spoken language." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#AlphabetForm
Tag: genre:AlphabetForm
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:Form
skos:closeMatch: dbpedia:Alphabet
Instances:

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Auditory Medium

Indicates media that are primarily auditory.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#AuditoryMedium
Tag: genre:AuditoryMedium
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:Medium
Children Classes: genre:SoundRecordingMedium

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Autobiographical Genre

Indicates "accounts of a person's life given by themselves." (Getty, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#AutobiographicalGenre
Tag: genre:AutobiographicalGenre
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:LifeWritingGenre
skos:closeMatch: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300026049
Instances:

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Calendar Form

Indicates "registers of days or other contrivances for reckoning days, months, years, etc., such as a table showing the division of a given year into its months, weeks, days, years, or other divisions of time." (Getty, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#CalendarForm
Tag: genre:CalendarForm
owl:sameAs: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300026741
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:Form
Instances:

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Cartographic Form

Indicates "any materials representing, in whole or part, the earth or any celestial body at any scale." (Getty, 2019)

[skos:altLabel: cartographic ]

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#CartographicForm
Tag: genre:CartographicForm
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:Form
skos:closeMatch: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300028052)
skos:related: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2011026113
Instances:

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Catalogue Form

Indicates "enumerations of items, such as a file of bibliographic records or a list of art objects, usually arranged systematically and with descriptive details; may be in book or pamphlet form, on cards, or online." (Getty, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#CatalogueForm
Tag: genre:CatalogueForm
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026057
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:Form
skos:closeMatch: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300026059
Instances:

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Childrens Literature Genre

Indicates works produced for children and young adults, whether fictional or informational. (Getty, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#ChildrensLiteratureGenre
Tag: genre:ChildrensLiteratureGenre
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:LiteraryGenre
skos:closeMatch: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300263209
Instances:

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Collection Form

Indicates "accumulated groups of objects or materials having a focal characteristic and that have been brought together by an individual or organization." (Getty, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#CollectionForm
Tag: genre:CollectionForm
owl:sameAs: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300025976
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:Form
Instances:

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Comedic Genre

Indicates dramatic works designed "chiefly to amuse the audience." (Getty, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#ComedicGenre
Tag: genre:ComedicGenre
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:DramaticGenre
skos:closeMatch: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300417801
Instances:

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Dialogue Or Debate Genre

Indicates works depicting "a written or spoken conversational exchange between two or more people." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#DialogueOrDebateGenre
Tag: genre:DialogueOrDebateGenre
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:LiteraryGenre
skos:closeMatch: dbpedia:Dialogue
Instances:

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Didactic Genre

Indicates works that have “the function, quality, or activity of having instruction or teaching as a primary or ulterior purpose.” (Getty, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#DidacticGenre
Tag: genre:DidacticGenre
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:InformationalGenre
skos:closeMatch: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300404113
Instances:

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Digital Medium

Indicates "media that are encoded in machine-readable formats. Digital media can be created, viewed, distributed, modified and preserved on digital electronics devices." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#DigitalMedium
Tag: genre:DigitalMedium
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:Medium
skos:closeMatch: dbpedia:Digital_media
skos:related: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300404196
Instances:

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Dramatic Genre

Indicates works "in prose or verse in which a story is related by means of dialogue and action . . . generally written with the intention of performance on stage, film, television, or the like." (Getty, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#DramaticGenre
Tag: genre:DramaticGenre
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:LiteraryGenre
skos:closeMatch: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300417554
Children Classes: genre:ComedicGenre
Instances:

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Embedded/Partial Work

A work that is embedded in or forms a part of a larger work, for instance a poem within a volume or an essay within a journal. Note: Used to class texts encoded using the “a” (analytic) value for the level attribute in the Text Encoding Initiative Schema. See TEI element title .

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#EmbeddedWork
Tag: genre:EmbeddedWork
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026097
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:Form
skos:closeMatch: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300055027
Instances:

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Epistolary Genre

Indicates works "written by using the device of a series of letters, diary entries, newspaper clippings, or other documents." (Getty, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#EpistolaryGenre
Tag: genre:EpistolaryGenre
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:LiteraryGenre
skos:closeMatch: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300410324
Instances:

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Feminist Genre

Indicates works engaging with "a range of political movements, ideologies, and social movements that share a common goal: to define, establish, and achieve political, economic, personal, and social rights" and equality for all genders. (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#FeministGenre
Tag: genre:FeministGenre
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:PoliticalGenre
skos:closeMatch: dbpedia:Feminism
Instances:

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Fictional Genre

Indicates "works evoked from the imagination of the creator and not conferred as fact." (Getty, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#FictionalGenre
Tag: genre:FictionalGenre
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:LiteraryGenre genre:NarrativeGenre
skos:closeMatch: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300055918
Children Classes: genre:NovelisticGenre
Instances:

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Form Genre

Indicates material and structural elements that distinguish one category of cultural work from another. Whereas Genre categories tend to group categories based on features such as the style, content, or audience of cultural works, Form categories usually define material characteristics that shape or contain the work, such as ‘anthology,’ in the case of Collection Form, ’notebook’ under Standalone Work/Book, or ‘journal’ within Serial Form.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#Form
Tag: genre:Form
rdf:type: owl:Class
Within Range: genre:hasForm
Children Classes: genre:AdvertisementForm genre:AlphabetForm genre:CalendarForm genre:CartographicForm genre:CatalogueForm genre:CollectionForm genre:EmbeddedWork genre:IllustratedForm genre:MusicalNotationForm genre:ProverbForm genre:RecordForm genre:ScriptForm genre:SerialForm genre:StandaloneWork genre:Unpublished

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Genre

Genres are used to classify cultural works , broadly conceived, within an evolving spectrum of categories on the basis of a particular form, content, style, or purpose (OED). Though there is debate over whether genre inheres in works themselves or emerges from contexts of reception, shifts in historical definitions indicate that genres have a strong social component (Dubrow, 1982; Miller 1984). Literary genres are used to classify texts within a shifting range of literary forms and practices. Genres are most frequently related to formal features such as the English sonnet's fourteen lines of iambic pentameter, to characteristic subject matter such as themes of romance, horror, comedy, or tragedy, to aspects of style such as hard-boiled detective fiction, or to the purpose of a text. Within the context of literary studies, the question of "purpose," especially when considered within a political context, is of especial interest to scholars. For example, feminist literary scholars like Cynthia Huff ("‘That Profoundly Female, and Feminist Genre’: The Diary as Feminist Practice"), Giancarlo Lombardi (Rooms with a View: Feminist Diary Fiction, 1952-1999), Rita Felski (Beyond Feminist Aesthetics: Feminist Literature and Social Change) and others read "diary fiction" as a powerful genre used to spur on women’s movements. For more on literary genre, see the introduction to this ontology .

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#Genre
Tag: genre:Genre
rdf:type: owl:Class
Within Range: genre:hasGenre
Children Classes: genre:InformationalGenre genre:IntertextualGenre genre:LiteraryGenre genre:MusicalGenre genre:NarrativeGenre genre:PoliticalGenre genre:ReligiousGenre genre:ThematicGenre

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Historical Genre

Indicates works that relay histories in both written and oral form; not to be confused with historical fiction.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#HistoricalGenre
Tag: genre:HistoricalGenre
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:InformationalGenre genre:ThematicGenre
Instances:

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Illustrated Form

Indicates works that include "drawings or other pictures intended to elucidate a description, story, or other written material, usually in a book or periodical." (Getty, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#IllustratedForm
Tag: genre:IllustratedForm
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026111
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:Form
skos:closeMatch: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300054200
Instances:

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Informational Genre

Indicates genres, often considered nonfictional, designed to convey specific content on a wide range of topics, although that content is not necessarily factual. (Getty, 2019)

[skos:altLabel: essais non-fiction ]

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#InformationalGenre
Tag: genre:InformationalGenre
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:Genre
skos:closeMatch: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300311832
Children Classes: genre:DidacticGenre genre:HistoricalGenre genre:JournalisticGenre genre:ReferenceWorkGenre genre:ScholarlyGenre
Instances:

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Intertextual Genre

Indicates works that shape "a text's meaning by another text." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#IntertextualGenre
Tag: genre:IntertextualGenre
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:Genre
skos:closeMatch: dbpedia:Intertextuality
Instances:

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Journal Form

"Periodical literature (also called a periodical publication or simply a periodical) is a published work that appears in a new edition on a regular schedule. The most familiar counter-examples are the newspaper, often published daily, or weekly. The most familiar example is the magazine, typically published weekly, monthly, or as a quarterly. Other examples are newsletters, literary magazines (literary journals), academic journals (including scientific journals), science magazines, and yearbooks."(DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#JournalForm
Tag: genre:JournalForm
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026057
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:SerialForm
skos:closeMatch: dbpedia:Periodical_literature
Instances:

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Journalistic Genre

Indicates works "concerned with the collection, preparation, and distribution of news and related commentary through the mass media, both print and electronic." (Getty, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#JournalisticGenre
Tag: genre:JournalisticGenre
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:InformationalGenre
skos:closeMatch: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300054354
Instances:

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LGBTQ+Genre

Indicates works concerned with LGBTQ+ identities and experiences.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#LGBTQPlusGenre
Tag: genre:LGBTQPlusGenre
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:PoliticalGenre genre:ThematicGenre
Instances:

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Life Writing Genre

Indicates recorded "memories, and experiences, whether one's own or another's." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#LifeWritingGenre
Tag: genre:LifeWritingGenre
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:LiteraryGenre genre:NarrativeGenre
skos:closeMatch: dbpedia:Life_writing
Children Classes: genre:AutobiographicalGenre
Instances:

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Literary Genre

Indicates works that "may be determined by literary technique, tone, content, or even (as in the case of fiction) length" and are "defined by the general cultural movement of the historical period in which they were composed." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#LiteraryGenre
Tag: genre:LiteraryGenre
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:Genre
skos:closeMatch: dbpedia:Literary_genre
Children Classes: genre:ChildrensLiteratureGenre genre:DialogueOrDebateGenre genre:DramaticGenre genre:EpistolaryGenre genre:FictionalGenre genre:LifeWritingGenre genre:PoeticGenre genre:SatiricalGenre
Instances:

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Medium

Indicates the material used to produce a cultural work and/or the governing substance that defines a particular object, digital or otherwise.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#Medium
Tag: genre:Medium
rdf:type: owl:Class
Children Classes: genre:AuditoryMedium genre:DigitalMedium genre:PerformanceMedium genre:TextualMedium genre:ThreeDimensionalMedium genre:VisualMedium

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Moving Medium

Indicates time-based media that are primarily visual, sometimes accompanied by sound. "Does not include moving images that are primarily computer programs, such as computer games or computer-oriented multimedia."

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#MovingMedium
Tag: genre:MovingMedium
dcterms:references: https://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/v3/mods-userguide-elements.html
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:VisualMedium
skos:related: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300263857
Instances:

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Musical Genre

Indicates works related to the classification, performance, or discussion of music.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#MusicalGenre
Tag: genre:MusicalGenre
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:Genre
Children Classes: genre:OperaGenre genre:SongGenre
Instances:

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Musical Notation Form

Indicates "any system used to visually represent aurally perceived music played with instruments or sung by the human voice through the use of written, printed, or otherwise-produced symbols." (DBpedia, 2019)

[skos:altLabel: sheet music ]

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#MusicalNotationForm
Tag: genre:MusicalNotationForm
owl:sameAs: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300026430
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:Form
skos:closeMatch: dbpedia:Musical_notation
Instances:

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Mystery Genre

Indicates works, either fictional or nonfictional, that emphasize suspense and the inclusion of puzzles that may or may not be solved. (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#MysteryGenre
Tag: genre:MysteryGenre
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:ThematicGenre
skos:closeMatch: dbpedia:Mystery_fiction
Instances:

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Narrative Genre

Indicates "works emphasizing a story or sequence of events." (Getty, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#NarrativeGenre
Tag: genre:NarrativeGenre
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:Genre
skos:closeMatch: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300185346
Children Classes: genre:FictionalGenre genre:LifeWritingGenre
Instances:

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Novelistic Genre

Indicates "invented prose narratives of considerable length and a certain complexity that deal imaginatively with human experience through a connected sequence of events involving a group of persons in a specific setting." (Getty, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#NovelisticGenre
Tag: genre:NovelisticGenre
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:FictionalGenre
skos:closeMatch: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300202580
Instances:

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Opera Genre

Indicates performance works "combining theater and music, in which some or all of the roles are sung." (Getty, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#OperaGenre
Tag: genre:OperaGenre
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:MusicalGenre
skos:closeMatch: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300054147
Instances:

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Pedagogical Genre

Indicates works intended for educational purposes.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#PedagogicalGenre
Tag: genre:PedagogicalGenre
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:ScholarlyGenre
Instances:

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Performance Medium

Indicates time-based, embodied media that are often produced as entertainment.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#PerformanceMedium
Tag: genre:PerformanceMedium
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:Medium
Instances:

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Philosophical Genre

Indicates works dealing with "critical examination of the grounds for fundamental beliefs and analysis of the basic concepts, doctrines, or practices that express such beliefs." (Getty, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#PhilosophicalGenre
Tag: genre:PhilosophicalGenre
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:ScholarlyGenre
skos:closeMatch: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300054279
Instances:

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Poetic Genre

Indicates works "rooted in the compressed and cogent imaginative awareness or associations of experiences, ideas, or emotional responses and arranged under an organized criterion of meaning, conscious and unconscious expression, symbolism, formal or informal pattern, sound, and rhythm." (Getty, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#PoeticGenre
Tag: genre:PoeticGenre
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:LiteraryGenre
skos:closeMatch: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300055931
Instances:

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Political Genre

Indicates works concerned with "the distribution of power and resources within a given community (a usually hierarchically organized population) as well as the interrelationship(s) between communities." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#PoliticalGenre
Tag: genre:PoliticalGenre
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:Genre
skos:closeMatch: dbpedia:Politics
Children Classes: genre:FeministGenre genre:LGBTQPlusGenre
Instances:

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Print Medium

Indicates media that involve the mechanical transfer of information to a physical object via a template or master form. (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#PrintMedium
Tag: genre:PrintMedium
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:TextualMedium
skos:closeMatch: dbpedia:Printing
Instances:

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Proverb Form

Indicates "short, concise sayings repeated colloquially expressing a general truth or observation about human life or behavior, often embodying the folk wisdom of a group or nation. Distinguished from "aphorisms" which are statements of principle or precepts, often of known authorship." (Getty, 2019)

[skos:altLabel: sayings aphorism ]

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#ProverbForm
Tag: genre:ProverbForm
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026170
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:Form
skos:closeMatch: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300188783
Instances:

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Record Form

Indicates "recorded information, often standardized in format and content and treated as a unit." (Getty, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#RecordForm
Tag: genre:RecordForm
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026163
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:Form
skos:closeMatch: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300026685
Instances:

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Reference Work Genre

Indicates types of genres composed of "[s]ources intended primarily for consultation rather than for consecutive reading." (Getty, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#ReferenceWorkGenre
Tag: genre:ReferenceWorkGenre
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:InformationalGenre
skos:closeMatch: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300163404
Instances:

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Religious Genre

Indicates works "having a religious subject or spirtual theme." (Getty, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#ReligiousGenre
Tag: genre:ReligiousGenre
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:Genre
skos:closeMatch: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300417817
Instances:

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Romance Genre
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#RomanceGenre
Tag: genre:RomanceGenre
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:ThematicGenre
skos:closeMatch: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300255278
Instances:

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Satirical Genre

Indicates works "in which vices, follies, abuses, and shortcomings are held up to ridicule, ideally with the intent of shaming individuals, corporations, government, or society itself into improvement. Although satire is usually meant to be humorous, its greater purpose is often constructive social criticism, using wit to draw attention to both particular and wider issues in society." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#SatiricalGenre
Tag: genre:SatiricalGenre
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:LiteraryGenre
skos:closeMatch: dbpedia:Satire
Instances:

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Scholarly Genre

Indicates works produced as a result of serious, detailed study of previous knowledge, often within although not necessarily limited to an academic context.

[skos:altLabel: scholarship ]

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#ScholarlyGenre
Tag: genre:ScholarlyGenre
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:InformationalGenre
Children Classes: genre:PedagogicalGenre genre:PhilosophicalGenre genre:SocialScienceGenre
Instances:

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Script Form

Indicates "written texts of stage plays, screenplays, and radio or television broadcasts." (Getty, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#ScriptForm
Tag: genre:ScriptForm
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:Form
skos:closeMatch: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300026487
Instances:

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Serial Form

"In publishing and library and information science, the term serial is applied to materials "in any medium issued under the same title in a succession of discrete parts, usually numbered (or dated) and appearing at regular or irregular intervals with no predetermined conclusion." (DBpedia, 2019) Note: Used to class texts encoded using the “j” (journal) value for the level attribute in the Text Encoding Initiative Schema. See TEI element title .

[skos:altLabel: periodical ]

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#SerialForm
Tag: genre:SerialForm
owl:sameAs: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300215389
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:Form
skos:closeMatch: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300026642
Children Classes: genre:JournalForm genre:SeriesForm
Instances:

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Series Form

A publication that appears in a series, usually at regular intervals. It may be combined with other forms to indicate medium, as in a book series or television series. See Series - Wikipedia Note: Used to class texts encoded using the “s” (series) value for the level attribute in the Text Encoding Initiative Schema. See TEI element title .

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#SeriesForm
Tag: genre:SeriesForm
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026057
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:SerialForm

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Social Science Genre

Indicates works "dealing with the institutions and functioning of human society and with the interpersonal relationships of individuals as members of society." (Getty, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#SocialScienceGenre
Tag: genre:SocialScienceGenre
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:ScholarlyGenre
skos:closeMatch: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300054314
Instances:

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Song Genre

Indicates a "work of music that is typically intended to be sung by the human voice with distinct and fixed pitches and patterns using sound and silence and a variety of forms that often include the repetition of sections." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#SongGenre
Tag: genre:SongGenre
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:MusicalGenre
skos:closeMatch: dbpedia:Song
Instances:

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Sound Recording Medium
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#SoundRecordingMedium
Tag: genre:SoundRecordingMedium
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2011026594
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:AuditoryMedium
Instances:

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Standalone Work/Book

A substantial, standalone work of writing in either or both of the physical or the intellectual sense of the term. Note: Used to class texts encoded using the “m” (monographic) value for the level attribute of the title element. See TEI element title .

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#StandaloneWork
Tag: genre:StandaloneWork
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:Form
skos:closeMatch: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300028051
Instances:

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Still Image Medium

Indicates media that are "two-dimensional nonprojectible graphic[s]." Includes slides and transparencies.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#StillImageMedium
Tag: genre:StillImageMedium
dcterms:references: https://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/v3/mods-userguide-elements.html
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:VisualMedium
Instances:

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Textual Medium

"Written or printed words, phrases, or sentences arranged to make a communication. Includes oral verbal communications set down in writing or print." (Getty, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#TextualMedium
Tag: genre:TextualMedium
owl:sameAs: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300263751
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:Medium
Children Classes: genre:PrintMedium
Instances:

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Thematic Genre

Indicates cultural works that are shaped by a defining theme or topic, such as ‘feminist’, ‘gothic’, 'gardening', and ‘military’ for instance.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#ThematicGenre
Tag: genre:ThematicGenre
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:Genre
Children Classes: genre:HistoricalGenre genre:LGBTQPlusGenre genre:MysteryGenre genre:RomanceGenre
Instances:

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Three Dimensional Medium

Indicates human-made objects such as "models, sculptures, clothing, and toys, as well as naturally occurring objects such as specimens mounted for viewing."

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#ThreeDimensionalMedium
Tag: genre:ThreeDimensionalMedium
dcterms:references: https://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/userguide/typeofresource.html
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:Medium
skos:related: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2011026525
Instances:

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unpublished

Works that are not or were not at the time of reference published. Note: Used to class texts encoded using the “u” (unpublished) value for the level attribute in the Text Encoding Initiative Schema. See TEI element title .

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#Unpublished
Tag: genre:Unpublished
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:Form

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Visual Art Medium

Indicates media "that are meant to be perceived primarily through the sense of sight, were created by the use of skill and imagination, and possess an aesthetic that is valued and of a quality and type that would be collected by art museums or private collectors." (Getty, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#VisualArtMedium
Tag: genre:VisualArtMedium
owl:sameAs: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300054154
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:VisualMedium
Instances:

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Visual Medium

Indicates media that are primarly visual.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#VisualMedium
Tag: genre:VisualMedium
rdf:type: owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf: genre:Medium
Children Classes: genre:MovingMedium genre:StillImageMedium genre:VisualArtMedium

owl:ObjectProperty (4)

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form of
This is the inverse of has form, whose definition is as follows:

Describes the form of a cultural artifact, including material form or medium; type of publication such as serialization; or organization of content such as record. Objects often have multiple forms.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#formOf
Tag: genre:formOf
owl:inverseOf: genre:hasForm
rdf:type: owl:ObjectProperty

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genre of
This is the inverse of has genre, whose definition is as follows:

Describes a cultural work as classified by this genre. A single work may be classified as belonging to multiple genres, which may overlap or even seem to be contradictory, such as verse novels also classified as poetry and fiction.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#genreOf
Tag: genre:genreOf
owl:inverseOf: genre:hasGenre
rdf:type: owl:ObjectProperty

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has form

Describes the form of a cultural artifact, including material form or medium; type of publication such as serialization; or organization of content such as record. Objects often have multiple forms.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#hasForm
Tag: genre:hasForm
rdf:type: owl:ObjectProperty
rdfs:range: genre:Form
skos:narrower: http://id.loc.gov/ontologies/bibframe/genreForm
*owl:inverseOf: genre:formOf

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has genre

Describes a cultural work as classified by this genre. A single work may be classified as belonging to multiple genres, which may overlap or even seem to be contradictory, such as verse novels also classified as poetry and fiction.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#hasGenre
Tag: genre:hasGenre
rdf:type: owl:ObjectProperty
rdfs:range: genre:Genre
skos:narrower: http://id.loc.gov/ontologies/bibframe/genreForm
*owl:inverseOf: genre:genreOf

owl:Class Instances

genre:AdvertisementForm (1)

Advertisement Form

genre:AlphabetForm (1)

Alphabet Form

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alphabet
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#alphabet
Tag: genre:alphabet
rdf:type: genre:AlphabetForm

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autobiography

"Documents of any type that are biographies of individuals written by themselves. For the overall genre, use "autobiography (genre)."" (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#autobiography
Tag: genre:autobiography
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026047 http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300080104
rdf:type: genre:AutobiographicalGenre

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captivity narrative

"Captivity narratives are usually stories of people captured by enemies whom they consider uncivilized, or whose beliefs and customs they oppose. The best-known captivity narratives are those concerning the indigenous peoples of North America. These narratives (and questions about their accuracy) have an enduring place in literature, history, ethnography, and the study of Native peoples. However, captivity narratives have also come to play a major role in the study of contemporary religious movements, thanks to scholars of religion like David G. Bromley and James R. Lewis. In this article, both main types of captivity narratives are considered. Traditionally, historians have made limited use of certain captivity narratives. They have regarded the genre with suspicion because of its ideological underpinnings. As a result of new scholarly approaches, historians with a more certain grasp of Native American cultures are distinguishing between plausible statements of fact and value-laden judgements in order to study the narratives as rare sources from "inside" Native societies. Contemporary historians such as Linda Colley and anthropologists such as Pauline Turner Strong have also found the narratives useful in analyzing how the colonists constructed the "other", as well as what the narratives reveal about the settlers' sense of themselves and their culture, and the experience of crossing the line to another. Colley has studied the long history of English captivity in other cultures, both the Barbary pirate captives who preceded those in North America, and British captives in cultures such as India, after the North American experience. Certain North American captivity narratives involving Native peoples were published from the 18th through the 19th centuries, but they reflected a well-established genre in English literature. There had already been English accounts of captivity by Barbary pirates, or in the Middle East, which established some of the major elements of the form. Following the American experience, additional accounts were written after British people were captured during exploration and settlement in India and East Asia. Other types of captivity narratives, such as those recounted by apostates from religious movements (i.e. "cult survivor" tales), have remained an enduring feature of modern media, and currently appear in books, periodicals, film, and television. The unifying factor in most captivity narratives, whether they stem from geopolitical or religious conflicts, is that the captive portrays the captors' way of life as alien, undesirable, and incompatible with the captive's own (typically dominant) culture. This underscores the utility of captivity narratives in garnering support for social control measures, such as removing Native Americans to "reservations", or stigmatizing participation in religious movements – whether Catholicism in the nineteenth century, or ISKCON in the twentieth. Captivity narratives tend to be culturally chauvinistic, viewing an "alien" culture through the lens of the narrator's preferred culture, thus making (possibly unfair) value judgements like "Puritans good, Indians bad."" (DBpedia, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#captivityNarrative
Tag: genre:captivityNarrative
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Captivity_narrative http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026056
rdf:type: genre:AutobiographicalGenre

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diary

"Refers to books containing the daily, personal accounts of the writer's own experiences, attitudes, and observations. Use "journals (accounts)" when referring to an individual's or an organization's account of occurrences or transactions." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#diary
Tag: genre:diary
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026085 http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300027112
rdf:type: genre:AutobiographicalGenre

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memoir

"A memoir (from French: mémoire: memoria, meaning memory or reminiscence) is a collection of memories that an individual writes about moments or events, both public or private, that took place in the subject's life. The assertions made in the work are understood to be factual. While memoir has historically been defined as a subcategory of biography or autobiography since the late 20th century, the genre is differentiated in form, presenting a narrowed focus. A biography or autobiography tells the story "of a life", while a memoir often tells "a story from a life", such as touchstone events and turning points from the author's life. The author of a memoir may be referred to as a "memoirist."" (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#memoir
Tag: genre:memoir
rdf:type: genre:AutobiographicalGenre
skos:related: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026047

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sexual awakening fiction

Fiction in which a character, typically an adolescent, experiences sexual desires for the first time or has a first sexual encounter.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#sexualAwakeningFiction
Tag: genre:sexualAwakeningFiction
rdf:type: genre:AutobiographicalGenre

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slave narrative

"An autobiographical account of the life of an escaped or freed slave. Typically written and published in the Americas and used as a form of protest against the slave trade." (Oxford, 2015)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Oxford Dictionary of Literary Terms, 4th ed.

[skos:altLabel: slavery ]

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#slaveNarrative
Tag: genre:slaveNarrative
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Slave_narrative http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026176
rdf:type: genre:AutobiographicalGenre

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almanac
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#almanac
Tag: genre:almanac
rdf:type: genre:CalendarForm

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calendar

"A calendar is a system of organizing days for social, religious, commercial or administrative purposes. This is done by giving names to periods of time, typically days, weeks, months, and years. A date is the designation of a single, specific day within such a system. A calendar is also a physical record (often paper) of such a system. A calendar can also mean a list of planned events, such as a court calendar or a partly or fully chronological list of documents, such as a calendar of wills. Periods in a calendar (such as years and months) are usually, though not necessarily, synchronized with the cycle of the sun or the moon. The most common type of pre-modern calendar was the lunisolar calendar, a lunar calendar that occasionally adds one intercalary month to remain synchronised with the solar year over the long term. The calendar in most widespread use today is the Gregorian calendar, introduced in the 16th century by Pope Gregory XIII as a modification of the Julian calendar, which was itself a modification of the ancient Roman calendar.The term calendar itself is taken from calendae, the term for the first day of the month in the Roman calendar, related to the verb calare "to call out", referring to the "calling" of the new moon when it was first seen.Latin calendarium meant "account book, register" (as accounts were settled and debts were collected on the calends of each month). The Latin term was adopted in Old French as calendier and from there in Middle English as calender by the 13th century (the spelling calendar is early modern)." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#calendar
Tag: genre:calendar
rdf:type: genre:CalendarForm

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atlas
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#atlas
Tag: genre:atlas
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2011026058
rdf:type: genre:CartographicForm

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cartographic materials
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#cartographicMaterials
Tag: genre:cartographicMaterials
rdf:type: genre:CartographicForm

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map

"Refers to graphic or photogrammetric representations of the Earth's surface or a part of it, including physical features and political boundaries, where each point corresponds to a geographical or celestial position according to a definite scale or projection. The term may also refer to similar depictions of other planets, suns, other heavenly bodies, or areas of the heavens. Maps are typically depicted on a flat medium, such as on paper, a wall, or a computer screen." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#map
Tag: genre:map
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2011026387 http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300028094
rdf:type: genre:CartographicForm
skos:related: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300028094

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catalogue
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#catalogue
Tag: genre:catalogue
rdf:type: genre:CatalogueForm

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exhibition catalogue

"Publications that document the works displayed in an exhibition." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#exhibitionCatalogue
Tag: genre:exhibitionCatalogue
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026098 http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300026096
rdf:type: genre:CatalogueForm

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childrens literature

"Literature written and published for children." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#childrensLiterature
Tag: genre:childrensLiterature
owl:sameAs: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300263209
rdf:type: genre:ChildrensLiteratureGenre

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lullaby

"A lullaby, or cradle song, is a soothing song or piece of music, usually played for or sung to children. The purposes of lullabies vary. In some societies they are used to pass down cultural knowledge or tradition. In addition, lullabies are often used for the developing of communication skills, indication of emotional intent, maintenance of infants' undivided attention, modulation of infants' arousal, and regulation of behavior. Perhaps one of the most important uses of lullabies is as a sleep aid for infants. As a result, the music is often simple and repetitive. Lullabies can be found in many countries, and have existed since ancient times." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#lullaby
Tag: genre:lullaby
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026913
rdf:type: genre:ChildrensLiteratureGenre genre:DidacticGenre genre:SongGenre

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nursery rhyme

"Tales in rhymed verse for children." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#nurseryRhyme
Tag: genre:nurseryRhyme
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026459 http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300202593
rdf:type: genre:ChildrensLiteratureGenre genre:PoeticGenre

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pre-school
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#preSchool
Tag: genre:preSchool
rdf:type: genre:ChildrensLiteratureGenre

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sunday school story
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#sundaySchoolStory
Tag: genre:sundaySchoolStory
rdf:type: genre:ChildrensLiteratureGenre genre:ReligiousGenre

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young adult writing

Writing aimed at a young adult audience.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#youngAdultWriting
Tag: genre:youngAdultWriting
rdf:type: genre:ChildrensLiteratureGenre

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anthology

"Collections of choice extracts, from the writings of one author, or various authors, and usually having a common characteristic such as subject matter or literary form." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#anthology
Tag: genre:anthology
owl:sameAs: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300026037
rdf:type: genre:CollectionForm
skos:related: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2011026051 http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2011026052 http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2011026487

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bibliography

"Bibliography (from Greek βιβλιογραφία bibliographia, literally "book writing"), as a discipline, is traditionally the academic study of books as physical, cultural objects; in this sense, it is also known as bibliology (from Greek -λογία, -logia). Carter and Barker (2010) describe bibliography as a twofold scholarly discipline—the organized listing of books (enumerative bibliography) and the systematic description of books as physical objects (descriptive bibliography)." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#bibliography
Tag: genre:bibliography
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026048
rdf:type: genre:CollectionForm

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collection
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#collection
Tag: genre:collection
rdf:type: genre:CollectionForm

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commonplace book

"Commonplace books (or commonplaces) are a way to compile knowledge, usually by writing information into books. Such books are essentially scrapbooks filled with items of every kind: recipes, quotes, letters, poems, tables of weights and measures, proverbs, prayers, legal formulas. Commonplaces are used by readers, writers, students, and scholars as an aid for remembering useful concepts or facts they have learned. Each commonplace book is unique to its creator's particular interests. They became significant in Early Modern Europe. "Commonplace" is a translation of the Latin term locus communis (from Greek tópos koinós, see literary topos) which means "a theme or argument of general application", such as a statement of proverbial wisdom. In this original sense, commonplace books were collections of such sayings, such as John Milton's commonplace book. Scholars have expanded this usage to include any manuscript that collects material along a common theme by an individual. Commonplace books are not diaries nortravelogues, with which they can be contrasted:English Enlightenment philosopher John Locke wrote the 1706 book A New Method of Making Common-Place-Books, "in which techniques for entering proverbs, quotations, ideas, speeches were formulated. Locke gave specific advice on how to arrange material by subject and category, using such key topics as love, politics, or religion. Commonplace books, it must be stressed, are not journals, which are chronological and introspective." By the early eighteenth century they had become an information management device in which a note-taker stored quotations, observations and definitions. They were even used by influential scientists. Carl Linnaeus, for instance, used commonplacing techniques to invent and arrange the nomenclature of his Systema Naturae (which is the basis for the system used by scientists today)." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#commonplaceBook
Tag: genre:commonplaceBook
rdf:type: genre:CollectionForm

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black comedy

"A black comedy (or dark comedy) is a comic work that employs morbid humor, which, in its simplest form, is humor that makes light of subject matter usually considered taboo. Black humor corresponds to the earlier concept of gallows humor. Black comedy is often controversial due to its subject matter." (DBpedia, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#blackComedy
Tag: genre:blackComedy
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Black_comedy http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026248
rdf:type: genre:ComedicGenre

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burletta

"A form of comic drama set to music, first popularized in the 1700s." (Penguin, 1999)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#burletta
Tag: genre:burletta
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Burletta
rdf:type: genre:ComedicGenre

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comedy

"Genre encompassing forms of theatre, literature, and improvisation with the basic objective to amuse, humor, and induce laughter. In general, it is often contrasted with tragedy and can be applied in the form of social criticism through satire and political or intellectual wit or applied in the form of pure spectacle through farce or burlesque." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#comedy
Tag: genre:comedy
owl:sameAs: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300055911
rdf:type: genre:ComedicGenre

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comedy of humours

"The comedy of humours refers to a genre of dramatic comedy that focuses on a character or range of characters, each of whom exhibits two or more overriding traits or 'humours' that dominates their personality, desires and conduct. This comic technique may be found in Aristophanes, but the English playwrights Ben Jonson and George Chapman popularized the genre in the closing years of the sixteenth century. In the later half of the seventeenth century, it was combined with the comedy of manners in Restoration comedy. In Jonson’s Every Man in His Humour (acted 1598), which made this type of play popular, all the words and acts of Kitely are controlled by an overpowering suspicion that his wife is unfaithful; George Downright, a country squire, must be "frank" above all things; the country gull in town determines his every decision by his desire to "catch on" to the manners of the city gallant. In his Induction to Every Man out of His Humour (1599) Jonson explains his character-formula thus: Some one peculiar qualityDoth so possess a man, that it doth drawAll his affects, his spirits, and his powers,In their confluctions, all to run one way. The comedy of humours owes something to earlier vernacular comedy but more to a desire to imitate the classical comedy of Plautus and Terence and to combat the vogue of romantic comedy, as developed by William Shakespeare. The satiric purpose of the comedy of humours and its realistic method lead to more serious character studies with Jonson’s The Alchemist. The humours each had been associated with physical and mental characteristics; the result was a system that was quite subtle in its capacity for describing types of personality." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#comedyOfHumours
Tag: genre:comedyOfHumours
rdf:type: genre:ComedicGenre

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comedy of intrigue

"A dramatic form popularized in the 16th century in which the comedy depends on complex plots, surprising twists, and ridiculous situations. The characters and their development tend to be secondary to plot in importance." (Penguin, 1999)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Penguin Dictionary of Literary Terms & Literary Theory, 4th ed.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#comedyOfIntrigue
Tag: genre:comedyOfIntrigue
rdf:type: genre:ComedicGenre

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comedy of manners

"The comedy of manners is an entertainment form which satirizes the manners and affectations of a social class or of multiple classes, often represented by stereotypical stock characters. For example, the miles gloriosus ("boastful soldier") in ancient times, the fop and the rake during the English Restoration, or an old person pretending to be young. Restoration comedy is used as a synonym for "comedy of manners". The plot of the comedy, often concerned with scandal, is generally less important than its witty dialogue. A great writer of comedies of manners was Oscar Wilde, his most famous play being The Importance of Being Earnest. The comedy of manners was first developed in the new comedy of the Ancient Greek playwright Menander. His style, elaborate plots, and stock characters were imitated by the Roman playwrights Plautus and Terence, whose comedies were widely known and copied during the Renaissance. The best-known comedies of manners, however, may well be those of the French playwright Molière, who satirized the hypocrisy and pretension of the ancien régime in such plays as L'École des femmes (The School for Wives, 1662), Le Misanthrope (The Misanthrope, 1666), and most famously Tartuffe (1664)." (DBpedia, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#comedyOfManners
Tag: genre:comedyOfManners
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Comedy_of_manners http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026263
rdf:type: genre:ComedicGenre

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comedy of menace

"A type of comedic drama in which the dark humour stems from the main characters’ fear, irrational or not, that some dark force threatens them." (Penguin, 1999)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Penguin Dictionary of Literary Terms & Literary Theory, 4th ed.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#comedyOfMenace
Tag: genre:comedyOfMenace
rdf:type: genre:ComedicGenre

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farce

"(from Latin Farsus, "stuffed"): A farce is a form of low comedy designed to provoke laughter through highly exaggerated caricatures of people in improbable or silly situations. Traits of farce include (1) physical bustle such as slapstick, (2) sexual misunderstandings and mix-ups, and (3) broad verbal humor such as puns. Many literary critics (especially in the Victorian period) have tended to view farce as inferior to "high comedy" that involves brilliant dialogue. Many of Shakespeare's early works, such as The Taming of the Shrew, are considered farces. Contrast with comedy of manners." (L. K Wheeler, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to Dr. L. Kip Wheeler of Carson-Newman University.

[skos:altLabel: farce ]

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#farce
Tag: genre:farce
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Farce http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026335
rdf:type: genre:ComedicGenre

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revenge comedy
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#revengeComedy
Tag: genre:revengeComedy
rdf:type: genre:ComedicGenre genre:DramaticGenre

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riddle

"(from Old English roedel, from roedan meaning "to give council" or "to read"): A universal form of literature in which a puzzling question or a conundrum is presented to the reader. The reader is often challenged to solve this enigma, which requires ingenuity in discovering the hidden meaning. A riddle may involve puns, symbolism, synecdoche, personification (especially prosopopoeia), or unusual imagery. For instance, a Norse riddle asks, "Tell me what I am. Thirty white horses round a red hill. First they champ. Then they stamp. Now they stand still." The answer is the speaker's teeth; these thirty white horses circle the "red hill" of the tongue; they champ and stamp while the riddler speaks, but stand still at the end of his riddle. Another famous example is the riddle of the sphinx from Sophocles' Oedipus Trilogy. The sphinx asks Oedipus, "What goes on four feet, on two feet, and then three. But the more feet it goes on, the weaker is he?" The answer is a human being, which crawls as an infant, walks erect on two feet as an adult, and totters on a staff (the third leg) in old age. The earliest known English riddles are recorded in the Exeter Book, and they probably date back to the 8th century. Examples, however, can be found in Greek, Sanskrit, Hebrew, Arabic, Persian, and Chinese, and many other languages. Authors of Anglo-Latin riddles include Aldhelm of Sherborne, Archbishop Tatwine of Canterbury, and Abbot Eusebius of Wearmouth. A large Renaissance collection can also be found in Nicolas Reusner's Aenigmatographia (1602)." (L. K Wheeler, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Dictionnaire Vivant de la Langue Française.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#riddle
Tag: genre:riddle
owl:sameAs: https://dvlf.uchicago.edu/mot/%C3%A9nigme
rdf:type: genre:ComedicGenre

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answer

A form of intertextuality in which an author writes a response to a work by another writer, typically to argue against the statements of that work. Often takes the form of an essay or letter.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#answer
Tag: genre:answer
rdf:type: genre:DialogueOrDebateGenre genre:IntertextualGenre

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dialogue of the dead

"A popular style of fiction in the 17th and 18th centuries featuring conversations between the ghosts of well-known figures. Based on the satirical Dialogues of the Dead by Lucian (120-around 180 CE), but not necessarily satirical themselves." (Mazella, 2007)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from data.bnf.fr.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#dialogueOfTheDead
Tag: genre:dialogueOfTheDead
dcterms:references: https://books.google.ca/books?id=8zBk8k35SFEC&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false
rdf:type: genre:DialogueOrDebateGenre

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dialogue or debate

"A text made up of a conversation between two or more characters, often in which the characters take up opposing sides of an argument." (Oxford, 2015)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from data.bnf.fr.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#dialogueOrDebate
Tag: genre:dialogueOrDebate
dcterms:references: http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780199208272.001.0001/acref-9780199208272-e-310?rskey=TydJW0%26result=301
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026083
rdf:type: genre:DialogueOrDebateGenre

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polemic

"Aggressive, forcefully presented arguments, often disputing a policy or opinion." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#polemic
Tag: genre:polemic
owl:sameAs: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300252982
rdf:type: genre:DialogueOrDebateGenre

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bestiary

"Collections of moralized fables, especially as written in the Middle Ages, about actual or mythical animals." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#bestiary
Tag: genre:bestiary
owl:sameAs: http://www.universalis.fr/encyclopedie/bestiaires/
rdf:type: genre:DidacticGenre

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catechism

"A catechism (/ˈkætəˌkizəm/; from Greek: κατηχέω, to teach orally), is a summary or exposition of doctrine and served as a learning introduction to the Sacraments traditionally used in catechesis, or Christian religious teaching of children and adult converts. Catechisms are doctrinal manuals - often in the form of questions followed by answers to be memorised - a format in non-religious or secular contexts as well. The term catechumen refers to the designated recipient of the catechetical work or instruction. In the Catholic Church, catachumens were usually placed separately during Holy Mass from those who received the Sacrament of Baptism. Early catecheticals emerged from Graeco-Roman mystery religions, especially the late cult of Mithras meant to educate their members into the secretive teachings, which competed with the Christian Church as an underground religion in the 1st to 4th centuries CE and allegedly shared its many ritual practices. Today, they are characteristic of Western Christianity but are also present in Eastern Christianity." (DBpedia, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#catechism
Tag: genre:catechism
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2015026029 http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300026460
rdf:type: genre:DidacticGenre genre:ReligiousGenre

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conduct literature

"Prescriptive literature, usually directed to a specific gender, that outlines the rules of appropriate behaviour according to the gender roles and societal norms prevalent at the time of writing. Conduct books became very popular in the 18th century." (Penguin, 1999)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Penguin Dictionary of Literary Terms & Literary Theory, 4th ed.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#conductLiterature
Tag: genre:conductLiterature
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Conduct_book
rdf:type: genre:DidacticGenre

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didactic

"Writing that is "preachy" or seeks overtly to convince a reader of a particular point or lesson. Medieval homilies and Victorian moral essays are often held up as examples of didactic literature, but one might argue that all literature is didactic to one extent or another since the written word frequently implies or suggests an authorial attitude. Sometimes, the lesson is overtly religious, as in the case of sermons or in literature like Milton's Paradise Lost, which seeks to "justify God's ways to men." In a more subtle way, much of Romantic literature hints at a critique of urbanized and mechanized life in 19th-century London." (L. K Wheeler, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to Dr. L. Kip Wheeler of Carson-Newman University.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#didactic
Tag: genre:didactic
dcterms:references: http://web.cn.edu/kwheeler/lit_terms_d.html
rdf:type: genre:DidacticGenre

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lullaby

"A lullaby, or cradle song, is a soothing song or piece of music, usually played for or sung to children. The purposes of lullabies vary. In some societies they are used to pass down cultural knowledge or tradition. In addition, lullabies are often used for the developing of communication skills, indication of emotional intent, maintenance of infants' undivided attention, modulation of infants' arousal, and regulation of behavior. Perhaps one of the most important uses of lullabies is as a sleep aid for infants. As a result, the music is often simple and repetitive. Lullabies can be found in many countries, and have existed since ancient times." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#lullaby
Tag: genre:lullaby
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026913
rdf:type: genre:ChildrensLiteratureGenre genre:DidacticGenre genre:SongGenre

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parable

"Short, fictitious stories that illustrate a moral attitude or religious principle." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#parable
Tag: genre:parable
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026467 http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300185342
rdf:type: genre:DidacticGenre

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sage writing

"Sage writing was a genre of creative nonfiction popular in the Victorian era. The concept originates with John Holloway's 1953 book The Victorian Sage: Studies in Argument. Sage writing is a development from ancient wisdom literature in which the writer chastises and instructs the reader about contemporary social issues, often utilizing discourses of philosophy, history, politics, and economics in non-technical ways. Prominent examples of the genre include writings by Thomas Carlyle, Matthew Arnold, John Ruskin, and Henry David Thoreau. Some 20th-century writers, such as Joan Didion and New Journalists such as Norman Mailer and Tom Wolfe, have also been identified as sage writers." (DBpedia, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#sageWriting
Tag: genre:sageWriting
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Sage_writing
rdf:type: genre:DidacticGenre

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born digital
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#bornDigital
Tag: genre:bornDigital
rdf:type: genre:DigitalMedium
skos:related: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300374824

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computer program

"A compilation of coded instructions or sequence of code that, when run, achieves a certain task in a mechanism, usually a computer." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#computerProgram
Tag: genre:computerProgram
owl:sameAs: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300312188
rdf:type: genre:DigitalMedium
skos:related: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300312188

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digital
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#digital
Tag: genre:digital
rdf:type: genre:DigitalMedium

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multimedia

"Contemporary works of art that employ several distinct art forms, such as sculpture and music or painting and light art." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

[skos:altLabel: software, multimedia mixed media ]

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#multimedia
Tag: genre:multimedia
owl:sameAs: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300047910
rdf:type: genre:DigitalMedium
skos:related: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300047910

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video game

"A video game is an electronic game that involves human interaction with a user interface to generate visual feedback on a video device such as a TV screen or computer monitor. The word video in video game traditionally referred to a raster display device, but as of the 2000s, it implies any type of display device that can produce two- or three-dimensional images. Some theorists categorize video games as an art form, but this designation is controversial. The electronic systems used to play video games are known as platforms; examples of these are personal computers and video game consoles. These platforms range from large mainframe computers to small handheld computing devices. Specialized video games such as arcade games, in which the video game components are housed in a large, coin-operated chassis, while common in the 1980s in video arcades, have gradually declined in use due to the widespread availability of affordable home video game consoles (e.g., PlayStation 4 and Xbox One) and video games on desktop and laptop computers and smartphones. The input device used for games, the game controller, varies across platforms. Common controllers include gamepads, joysticks, mouses, keyboards, the touchscreens of mobile devices and buttons. Players typically view the game on a video screen or television and there are often game sounds from loudspeakers. Some games in the 2000s include haptic, vibration-creating effects, force feedback peripherals and virtual reality headsets. In the 2010s, the video game industry is of increasing commercial importance, with growth driven particularly by the emerging Asian markets and mobile games, which are played on smartphones. As of 2015, video games generated sales of USD 74 billion annually worldwide, and were the third-largest segment in the U.S. entertainment market, behind broadcast and cable TV." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#videoGame
Tag: genre:videoGame
rdf:type: genre:DigitalMedium
skos:related: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300256888

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webpage
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#webpage
Tag: genre:webpage
rdf:type: genre:DigitalMedium

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website

"A website, also written as web site, is a collection of related web pages, including multimedia content, typically identified with a common domain name, and published on at least one web server. A web site may be accessible via a public Internet Protocol (IP) network, such as the Internet, or a private local area network (LAN), by referencing a uniform resource locator (URL) that identifies the site. Websites have many functions and can be used in various fashions; a website can be a personal website, a commercial website for a company, a government website or a non-profit organization website. Websites can be the work of an individual, a business or other organization, and are typically dedicated to a particular topic or purpose, ranging from entertainment and social networking to providing news and education. All publicly accessible websites collectively constitute the World Wide Web, while private websites, such as a company's website for its employees, are typically a part of an intranet. Web pages, which are the building blocks of websites, are documents, typically composed in plain text interspersed with formatting instructions of Hypertext Markup Language (HTML, XHTML). They may incorporate elements from other websites with suitable markup anchors. Web pages are accessed and transported with the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), which may optionally employ encryption (HTTP Secure, HTTPS) to provide security and privacy for the user. The user's application, often a web browser, renders the page content according to its HTML markup instructions onto a display terminal. Hyperlinking between web pages conveys to the reader the site structure and guides the navigation of the site, which often starts with a home page containing a directory of the site web content. Some websites require user registration or subscription to access content. Examples of subscription websites include many business sites, parts of news websites, academic journal websites, gaming websites, file-sharing websites, message boards, web-based email, social networking websites, websites providing real-time stock market data, as well as sites providing various other services. As of 2016, end users can access websites on a range of devices, including desktop and laptop computers, tablet computers, smartphones and smart TVs." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#website
Tag: genre:website
rdf:type: genre:DigitalMedium
skos:related: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300265431

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afterpiece

"A short drama performed after a main play, popularized in the 1700s as justification for a new half-price entrance fee charged to latecomers. Typically a comedic one-act, regardless of the genre of the preceding play." (Penguin, 1999)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Penguin Dictionary of Literary Terms & Literary Theory, 4th ed.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#afterpiece
Tag: genre:afterpiece
rdf:type: genre:DramaticGenre

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agitprop

"Derived from agitation propaganda, meaning intended to inspire political action. With reference to visual art, refers to the specific art movement arising in Soviet Russia following the Bolshevik revolution." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#agitprop
Tag: genre:agitprop
owl:sameAs: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300055540
rdf:type: genre:DramaticGenre genre:PoliticalGenre

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ballad opera

"A drama combining song and spoken dialogue, popularized in the 1700s by John Gay’s The Beggar’s Opera. It can be seen as a precursor to the modern musical." (Penguin, 1999)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Penguin Dictionary of Literary Terms & Literary Theory, 4th ed.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#balladOpera
Tag: genre:balladOpera
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Ballad_opera http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026645
rdf:type: genre:DramaticGenre genre:OperaGenre

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bergamasque

"A folk dance originating in Bergamo, Italy, in the 16th century, but often included in theatre productions unrelated to Italian culture." (Merriam-Webster, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#bergamasque
Tag: genre:bergamasque
dcterms:references: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Bergamasque
rdf:type: genre:DramaticGenre

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camp

"Camp is an aesthetic style and sensibility that regards something as appealing because of its bad taste and ironic value. Camp aesthetics disrupt many of modernism's notions of what art is and what can be classified as high art by inverting aesthetic attributes such as beauty, value, and taste through an invitation of a different kind of apprehension and consumption. Camp can also be a social practice. For many it is considered a style and performance identity for several types of entertainment including film, cabaret and pantomime. Where high art necessarily incorporates beauty and value, camp necessarily needs to be lively, audacious and dynamic. "Camp aesthetics delights in impertinence." Camp opposes satisfaction and seeks to challenge. Camp art is related to—and often confused with—kitsch, and things with camp appeal may also be described as "cheesy". When the usage appeared in 1909, it denoted ostentatious, exaggerated, affected, theatrical, and/or effeminate behavior, and by the middle of the 1970s, the definition comprised: banality, artifice, mediocrity and ostentation so extreme as to have perversely sophisticated appeal. American writer Susan Sontag's essay "Notes on 'Camp'" (1964) emphasized its key elements as: artifice, frivolity, naive middle-class pretentiousness, and 'shocking' excess. Camp as an aesthetic has been popular from the 1960s to the present. Camp aesthetics were popularised by filmmakers George and Mike Kuchar, Jack Smith and his film Flaming Creatures, and later John Waters, including the last's Pink Flamingos, Hairspray, and Polyester. Celebrities that are associated with camp personas include drag queens and performers such as Dame Edna Everage, Divine, RuPaul, Paul Lynde, and Liberace. Camp was a part of the anti-academic defense of popular culture in the 1960s and gained popularity in the 1980s with the widespread adoption of postmodern views on art and culture." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#camp
Tag: genre:camp
rdf:type: genre:DramaticGenre

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closet drama

"A drama, often written in verse and frequently with extensive stage directions, that is meant to be read in private rather than performed for an audience." (Oxford, 2015)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Oxford Dictionary of Literary Terms, 4th ed.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#closetDrama
Tag: genre:closetDrama
dcterms:references: http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780199208272.001.0001/acref-9780199208272-e-214?rskey=qZ7ZtK%26result=211
rdf:type: genre:DramaticGenre

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collective creation
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#collectiveCreation
Tag: genre:collectiveCreation
rdf:type: genre:DramaticGenre

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costume drama

"A historical period drama (also known as a historical drama, period drama or period piece) is a work of art set in, or reminiscent of, an earlier time period. The term is usually used in the context of film and television. It is an informal crossover term that can apply to several genres but is most often heard in the context of historical fiction and romances, adventure films, and swashbucklers. The implication is that the audience is attracted as much by the lavish costumes as by the content. In the performing arts, a period piece is a work set in a particular era. This informal term covers all countries, all periods and all genres. It may be as long and general as the medieval era or as limited as one decade—the Roaring Twenties, for example." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#costumeDrama
Tag: genre:costumeDrama
rdf:type: genre:DramaticGenre

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drama

"A composition in prose or verse presenting, in pantomime and dialogue, a narrative involving conflict between a character or characters and some external or internal force (see conflict). Playwrights usually design dramas for presentation on a stage in front of an audience. Aristotle called drama "imitated human action." Drama may have originated in religious ceremonies. Thespis of Attica (sixth century BCE) was the first recorded composer of a tragedy. Tragedies in their earliest stage were performed by a single actor who interacted with the chorus. The playwright Aeschylus added a second actor on the stage (deuteragonist) to allow additional conflict and dialogue. Sophocles and Euripides added a third (tritagonist). Medieval drama may have evolved independently from rites commemorating the birth and death of Christ. During the late medieval period and the early Renaissance, drama gradually altered to the form we know today. The mid-sixteenth century in England in particular was one of the greatest periods of world drama. In traditional Greek drama, as defined by Aristotle, a play was to consist of five acts and follow the three dramatic unities. In more recent drama (i.e., during the last two centuries), plays have frequently consisted of three acts, and playwrights have felt more comfortable disregarding the confines of Aristotelian rules involving verisimilitude. See also unities, comedy, tragedy, revenge play, miracle play, morality play, and mystery play. An individual work of drama is called a play." (L. K Wheeler, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to Dr. L. Kip Wheeler of Carson-Newman University.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#drama
Tag: genre:drama
dcterms:references: http://web.cn.edu/kwheeler/lit_terms_d.html
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026297
rdf:type: genre:DramaticGenre

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dramatic monologue

"Dramatic monologue, also known as a persona poem, is a type of poetry written in the form of a speech of an individual character." (DBpedia, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#dramaticMonologue
Tag: genre:dramaticMonologue
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Dramatic_monologue http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026298
rdf:type: genre:DramaticGenre genre:PoeticGenre

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epic theatre
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#epicTheatre
Tag: genre:epicTheatre
rdf:type: genre:DramaticGenre

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film tv script

"Written texts of stage plays, screenplays, and radio or television broadcasts." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

[skos:altLabel: tv script ]

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#filmTvScript
Tag: genre:filmTvScript
owl:sameAs: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300026487
rdf:type: genre:DramaticGenre genre:ScriptForm

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guerilla theatre

"Guerrilla theatre, generally rendered "guerrilla theater" in the US, is a form of guerrilla communication originated in 1965 by the San Francisco Mime Troupe, who, in spirit of the Che Guevara writings from which the term guerrilla is taken, engaged in performances in public places committed to "revolutionary sociopolitical change." The group performances, aimed against the Vietnam war and capitalism, sometimes contained nudity, profanity and taboo subjects that were shocking to some members of the audiences of the time. Guerrilla (Spanish for "little war"), as applied to theatrical events, describes the act of spontaneous, surprise performances in unlikely public spaces to an unsuspecting audience. Typically these performances intend to draw attention to a political/social issue through satire, protest, and carnivalesque techniques. Many of these performances were a direct result of the radical social movements of the late 1960s through mid-1970s. Guerrilla Theater, also referred to as guerrilla performance, has been sometimes related to the agitprop theater of the 1930s, but it is differentiated from agitprop by the inclusion of Dada performance tactics." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#guerillaTheatre
Tag: genre:guerillaTheatre
rdf:type: genre:DramaticGenre

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improvisation

"Improvisation is the process of devising a solution to a requirement by making-do, despite absence of resources that might be expected to produce a solution. In a technical context, this can mean adapting a device for some use other than that which it was designed for, or building a device from unusual components in an ad-hoc fashion. Improvisation as a context of performing arts is a very spontaneous performance without specific preparation. The skills of improvisation can apply to many different faculties, across all artistic, scientific, physical, cognitive, academic, and non-academic disciplines. Musical improvisation is usually defined as the composition of music while simultaneously singing or playing an instrument. Improvisational comedy is a theatre art performed throughout the world and has had on-again, off-again status throughout history. Dance improvisation is frequently used as a choreographic tool. Choreography is also frequently used as a tool for improvisation. Improvisation was originally rarely used on dramatic television. A major exception was the situation comedy Mork & Mindy where star Robin Williams, famed for this kind of performing, was allotted specific sections in each episode where he was allowed to perform freely. Improvisation also exists outside the arts. Improvisation in engineering is to solve a problem with the tools and materials immediately at hand. Improvised weapons are often used by guerrillas, insurgents and criminals." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#improvisation
Tag: genre:improvisation
rdf:type: genre:DramaticGenre

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kitchen sink drama

"Originating in Britain in the 1950s, realistic drama centred on the domestic lives of working-class characters." (Oxford, 2015)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Oxford Dictionary of Literary Terms, 4th ed.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#kitchenSinkDrama
Tag: genre:kitchenSinkDrama
dcterms:references: http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780199208272.001.0001/acref-9780199208272-e-629?rskey=HtykbC%26result=621
rdf:type: genre:DramaticGenre

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masque

"Not to be confused with a masquerade, a masque is a type of elaborate court entertainment popular in the times of Queen Elizabeth I, King James I, and Charles I--i.e., the early 17th Century after Queen Elizabeth's death. The masque as a performance grew out of medieval plays, but it was more spectacle than drama proper. The content was suitable for amateur actors rather than professional performers. The masques tended to use long speeches and little action. They combined poetic drama, singing, dancing, music, and splendid costumes and settings. The imagery was influential on later poets and poems, such as Andrew Marvell, who makes use of masque-imagery in "Upon Appleton House." (L. K Wheeler, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#masque
Tag: genre:masque
dcterms:references: http://web.cn.edu/kwheeler/lit_terms_m.html
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026428
rdf:type: genre:DramaticGenre genre:PerformanceMedium

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melodrama

"A dramatic form characterized by excessive sentiment, exaggerated emotion, sensational and thrilling action, and an artificially happy ending. Melodramas originally referred to romantic plays featuring music, singing, and dancing, but by the eighteenth century they connoted simplified and coincidental plots, bathos, and happy endings. These melodramatic traits are present in Gothic novels, western stories, popular films, and television crime shows, to name but a few more recent examples." (L. K Wheeler, 2017)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#melodrama
Tag: genre:melodrama
dcterms:references: http://web.cn.edu/kwheeler/lit_terms_m.html
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026432
rdf:type: genre:DramaticGenre

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monologue

"In theatre, a monologue (from Greek μονόλογος from μόνος mónos, "alone, solitary" and λόγος lógos, "speech") is a speech presented by a single character, most often to express their mental thoughts aloud, though sometimes also to directly address another character or the audience. Monologues are common across the range of dramatic media (plays, films, etc.), as well as in non-dramatic media such as poetry. Monologues share much in common with several other literary devices including soliloquies, apostrophes, and aside. There are, however, distinctions between each of these devices." (DBpedia, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#monologue
Tag: genre:monologue
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Monologue http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026440
rdf:type: genre:DramaticGenre

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morality or mystery play

"Religious dramas or pageants, typically written anonymously, that were popular in medieval Europe. Mystery plays represent one or more scenes from the Bible, and were first performed in the 13th century, often using a wagon as a stage to allow a performance to take place in various locations, . Morality plays were first popularized in the 15th century, and are allegorical rather than directly representational works in which personified vices and virtues compete to win a human soul for eternity." (Oxford, 2015)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Oxford Dictionary of Literary Terms, 4th ed.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#moralityOrMysteryPlay
Tag: genre:moralityOrMysteryPlay
dcterms:references: http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780199208272.001.0001/acref-9780199208272-e-753?rskey=XphoRT%26result=751
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026442
rdf:type: genre:DramaticGenre

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one-act-play
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#oneActPlay
Tag: genre:oneActPlay
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026462
rdf:type: genre:DramaticGenre

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pageant

"Entertainments, frequently held in the open air, illustrating themes by means of spectacle rather than by consecutive narrative and dramatic characterization." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#pageant
Tag: genre:pageant
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026464 http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300069240
rdf:type: genre:DramaticGenre

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panegyric

"A speech or poem designed to praise another person or group. In ancient Greek and Roman rhetoric, it was one branch of public speaking, with established rules and conventions found in the works of Menander and Hermogenes. Famous examples include Pliny's eulogy on Emperor Trajan and Isocrates' oration on the Olympic games of 380." (L. K Wheeler, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#panegyric
Tag: genre:panegyric
dcterms:references: http://web.cn.edu/kwheeler/lit_terms_p.html
rdf:type: genre:DramaticGenre
skos:related: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026095

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pantomime

"Pantomime (informally panto) is a type of musical comedy stage production, designed for family entertainment. It was developed in England and is still performed there, generally during the Christmas and New Year season and, to a lesser extent, in other English-speaking countries. Modern pantomime includes songs, slapstick comedy and dancing, employs gender-crossing actors, and combines topical humour with a story loosely based on a well-known fairy tale, fable or folk tale. It is a participatory form of theatre, in which the audience is expected to sing along with certain parts of the music and shout out phrases to the performers." (DBpedia, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#pantomime
Tag: genre:pantomime
owl:sameAs: https://dvlf.uchicago.edu/mot/pantomime
rdf:type: genre:DramaticGenre
skos:related: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2018026117

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radio drama

"Radio drama (or audio drama, audio play, radio play, radio theater, or audio theater) is a dramatized, purely acoustic performance, broadcast on radio. With no visual component, radio drama depends on dialogue, music and sound effects to help the listener imagine the characters and story." (DBpedia, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#radioDrama
Tag: genre:radioDrama
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Radio_drama http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026499
rdf:type: genre:DramaticGenre

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revenge comedy
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#revengeComedy
Tag: genre:revengeComedy
rdf:type: genre:ComedicGenre genre:DramaticGenre

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revenge tragedy

"Revenge tragedy (less commonly referred to as revenge drama, revenge play, or tragedy of blood) defines a genre of plays made popular in early modern England. Ashley H. Thorndike formally established this genre in his seminal 1902 article "The Relations of Hamlet to Contemporary Revenge Plays," which characterizes revenge tragedy "as a tragedy whose leading motive is revenge and whose main action deals with the progress of this revenge, leading to the death of the murderers and often the death of the avenger himself." Thomas Kyd's The Spanish Tragedy (c.1580s) is often considered the inaugural revenge tragedy on the early modern stage. However, more recent research extends early modern revenge tragedy to the 1560s with poet and classicist Jasper Heywood's translations of Seneca at Oxford University, including Troas (1559), Thyestes (1560), and Hercules Furens (1561). Additionally, Thomases Norton and Sackville's play Gorbuduc (1561) is considered an early revenge tragedy (almost twenty years prior to The Spanish Tragedy). Other well-known revenge tragedies include William Shakespeare's Hamlet (c.1599-1602) and Titus Andronicus (c.1588-1593) and Thomas Middleton's The Revenger's Tragedy (c.1606)." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#revengeTragedy
Tag: genre:revengeTragedy
rdf:type: genre:DramaticGenre

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revue

"A revue (from French 'magazine' or 'overview') is a type of multi-act popular theatrical entertainment that combines music, dance and sketches. The revue has its roots in 19th century popular entertainment and melodrama but grew into a substantial cultural presence of its own during its golden years from 1916 to 1932. Though most famous for their visual spectacle, revues frequently satirized contemporary figures, news or literature. Similar to the related subforms of operetta and musical theatre, the revue art form brings together music, dance and sketches to create a compelling show. In contrast to these, however, revue does not have an overarching storyline. Rather, a general theme serves as the motto for a loosely-related series of acts that alternate between solo performances and dance" (DBpedia, 2019)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#revue
Tag: genre:revue
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Revue http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014027050
rdf:type: genre:DramaticGenre

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theatre of cruelty

"The Theatre of Cruelty (French: Théâtre de la Cruauté) is a form of theatre developed by avant-garde playwright, actor, essayist, and theorist, Antonin Artaud, in The Theatre and its Double. Originally a member of the surrealist movement, Artaud eventually began to develop his own theatrical theories. The Theatre of Cruelty can be seen as break with traditional Western theatre, and a means by which artists assault the senses of the audience, and allow them to feel the unexpressed emotions of the subconscious. While Artaud was only able to produce one play in his lifetime that reflected the tenets of the Theatre of Cruelty, the works of many theatre artists reflect his theories." (DBpedia, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#theatreOfCruelty
Tag: genre:theatreOfCruelty
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Theatre_of_Cruelty
rdf:type: genre:DramaticGenre

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theatre of the absurd

"The Theatre of the Absurd (French: théâtre de l'absurde) is a post–World War II designation for particular plays of absurdist fiction written by a number of primarily European playwrights in the late 1950s, as well as one for the style of theatre which has evolved from their work. Their work focused largely on the idea of existentialism and expressed what happens when human existence has no meaning or purpose and therefore all communication breaks down, in fact alerting their audiences to pursue the opposite. Logical construction and argument gives way to irrational and illogical speech and to its ultimate conclusion, silence." (DBpedia, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#theatreOfTheAbsurd
Tag: genre:theatreOfTheAbsurd
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Theatre_of_the_Absurd
rdf:type: genre:DramaticGenre

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tragedy

"Literary works of serious and dignified character that reach disastrous or sorrowful conclusions." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#tragedy
Tag: genre:tragedy
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Tragedy http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026576
rdf:type: genre:DramaticGenre

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tragicomedy

"Tragicomedy is a literary genre that blends aspects of both tragic and comic forms. Most often seen in dramatic literature, the term can variously describe either a tragic play which contains enough comic elements to lighten the overall mood or a serious play with a happy ending." (DBpedia, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#tragicomedy
Tag: genre:tragicomedy
dcterms:references: http://web.cn.edu/kwheeler/lit_terms_t.html
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026577
rdf:type: genre:DramaticGenre

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afterword

"A section that appears towards the end of a book, does not form part of the main body, and often concludes or summarizes." (Oxford, 2015)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#afterword
Tag: genre:afterword
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Postface
rdf:type: genre:EmbeddedWork

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annotation

"Notes added as comment or explanation, such as those accompanying an entry in a bibliography, reading list, or catalogue intended to describe, explain, or evaluate the publication referred to." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#annotation
Tag: genre:annotation
owl:sameAs: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300026100
rdf:type: genre:EmbeddedWork

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appendix

"An addendum, in general, is an addition required to be made to a document by its author subsequent to its printing or publication. It comes from the Latin verbal phrase addendum est, being the gerundive form of the verb addo, addere, addidi, additum, "to give to, add to", meaning "(that which) must be added". Addenda is from the plural form addenda sunt, "(those things) which must be added". (See also memorandum, agenda, corrigenda.)" (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#appendix
Tag: genre:appendix
rdf:type: genre:EmbeddedWork

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dedication

"A short bit of text conventionally appearing before the start of a novel or poem in which the author or poet addresses some individual, invoking his or her gratitude or thanks to that individual. Frequently, the dedication is to a spouse, friend, loved one, child, mentor, or individual who inspired the work. Several of the Inklings dedicated specific fictional works to each other (or in the case of C.S. Lewis, to children of fellow Inklings). Among scholars, one of the most significant types of dedications is a festschrift. A festschrift is a collection of essays or studies in book form, dedicated to a former teacher or professor in his or her advanced age. The individual scholarly writings come from his or her students, who typically collaborate to organize the work and contact the publisher, and they present the collection to the teacher upon its publication." (L. K Wheeler, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to Dr. L. Kip Wheeler of Carson-Newman University.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#dedication
Tag: genre:dedication
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Dedication_(publishing)
rdf:type: genre:EmbeddedWork

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editorial work

An often invisible and unacknowledged type of cultural labour, paid or unpaid, that ranges from the selection and preparation of works, in a range of media including text, image, and film, for publication to the preparation of minutely researched scholarly editions by textual scholars. It can express care and attachment to a community (Eichhorn and Milne) or Editorial work has a shaping impact on cultural production and may manifest in changes to a cultural artifact that are distinct, as with the addition of explanatory notes, or embedded in traces throughout. See Editing - Wikipedia

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#editorialWork
Tag: genre:editorialWork
rdf:type: genre:EmbeddedWork
rdfs:seeAlso: dbpedia:Editing

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epilogue

"A conclusion added to a literary work such as a novel, play, or long poem. It is the opposite of a prologue. Often, the epilogue refers to the moral of a fable. Sometimes, it is a speech made by one of the actors at the end of a play asking for the indulgence of the critics and the audience. Shakespeare's A Midsummer Night's Dream contains one of the most famous epilogues. Contrast with prologue. Do not confuse the term with eclogue." (L. K Wheeler, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to Dr. L. Kip Wheeler of Carson-Newman University.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#epilogue
Tag: genre:epilogue
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Epilogue http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2018026101
rdf:type: genre:EmbeddedWork

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fascicle

A bundle or bound set of pages, usually a portion of a book that is published in parts or installments, but used more rarely to refer to unpublished bundles such as Emily Dickinson’s fascicles.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#fascicle
Tag: genre:fascicle
owl:sameAs: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300265628
rdf:type: genre:EmbeddedWork

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introduction

"The opening section of a text, often in the form of an essay, that usually provides an overview of the text's subject matter and explains the author's reason for writing." (Penguin, 1999)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Penguin Dictionary of Literary Terms & Literary Theory, 4th ed.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#introduction
Tag: genre:introduction
rdf:type: genre:EmbeddedWork

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paratext

A part of or supplement to a work that is structurally associated with the main body of a cultural work that "contains supplementary information about the body but is not necessariy colocated with it, such as a preface, annotation, afterword, footnote, or glossary."(Oxford, 2015)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Oxford Dictionary of Literary Terms, 4th ed.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#paratext
Tag: genre:paratext
dcterms:references: https://books.google.ca/books?id=s4FMCAAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false
rdf:type: genre:EmbeddedWork

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part/excerpt
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#partExcerpt
Tag: genre:partExcerpt
rdf:type: genre:EmbeddedWork

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prefatory piece

"Texts preceding the main literary work and containing comments about such matters as the reason for or circumstances of the author's writing the work, or comments by another about the author or the work." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#prefatoryPiece
Tag: genre:prefatoryPiece
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Preface
rdf:type: genre:EmbeddedWork

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prologue

"(1) In original Greek tragedy, the prologue was either the action or a set of introductory speeches before the first entry (parados) of the chorus. Here, a single actor's monologue or a dialogue between two actors would establish the play's background events. (2) In later literature, a prologue is a section of any introductory material before the first chapter or the main material of a prose work, or any such material before the first stanza of a poetic work." (L. K Wheeler, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#prologue
Tag: genre:prologue
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Prologue http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2018026101
rdf:type: genre:EmbeddedWork

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epistle

"Literary genre taking the form of letters, usually of a literary, formal, or public nature. Examples are the epistles in the Biblical New Testament." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#epistle
Tag: genre:epistle
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Epistle
rdf:type: genre:EpistolaryGenre

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epistolary

"Novels written by using the device of a series of letters, diary entries, newspaper clippings, or other documents." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#epistolary
Tag: genre:epistolary
owl:sameAs: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300410324
rdf:type: genre:EpistolaryGenre

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letter

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

[skos:altLabel: correspondence ]

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#letter
Tag: genre:letter
owl:sameAs: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300026879
rdf:type: genre:EpistolaryGenre

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letters from the dead to the living

Moralised case-histories in the form of letters in which the dead strive to reclaim the living beloved by persuading them to repent and reform. Often include features of lively fiction: character-drawing, narrative, suspense, surprise, humour, and love-situations including transgression of all kinds.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#lettersFromTheDeadToTheLiving
Tag: genre:lettersFromTheDeadToTheLiving
rdf:type: genre:EpistolaryGenre

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feminist

"Writing concerned with the unique experience of being a woman or alternatively writing designed to challenge existing preconceptions of gender. Examples of feminist writings include Christine de Pisan's medieval work, The City of Ladies; Aemilia Lanyer's Renaissance treatise, Salve Deus, Rex Judaeorum (which presented the then-shocking idea that Adam was just as much to blame for the fall of man as Eve was in the Genesis account); Mary Wollstonecraft's Vindication, and Susan B. Anthony's nineteenth-century essays (which presented the equally shocking idea that women in America and Canada should have the right to vote). Many female students in my class preface their discussions of feminist writings by stating, "I'm not a feminist, but ..." This tendency always puzzled me, since it implies that feminism is something negative, radical, or always liberal. Worse yet, it implies that it's bad for women to want crazy, misguided things like education, equal health insurance, similar pay to what men earn in similar professions, freedom from harassment, and funding for medical problems concerning women, such as breast and uterine cancer research, which are the primary concerns of feminism. Somewhere toward the end of the twentieth-century, detractors of such writers have caricatured these demands as "man-hating" or "anti-family." As an antidote to such thinking, keep in mind the broader definition: a feminist is anyone who thinks that women are people too." (L. K Wheeler, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to Dr. L. Kip Wheeler of Carson-Newman University.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#feminist
Tag: genre:feminist
dcterms:references: http://web.cn.edu/kwheeler/lit_terms_f.html
rdf:type: genre:FeministGenre genre:PoliticalGenre genre:ThematicGenre

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feminist theory

"Feminist theory is the extension of feminism into theoretical, fictional, or philosophical discourse. It aims to understand the nature of gender inequality. It examines women's and men's social roles, experience, interests, chores, and feminist politics in a variety of fields, such as anthropology and sociology, communication, psychoanalysis, home economics, literature, education, and philosophy." (DBpedia, 2017)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#feministTheory
Tag: genre:feministTheory
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Feminist_theory https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feminist_theory
rdf:type: genre:FeministGenre genre:PhilosophicalGenre genre:ScholarlyGenre

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adventure writing

"Action-filled fiction in which a protagonist is removed from her or his ordinary life to undertake some sort of journey or quest. Along the way, the protagonist is exposed to extraordinary events and physical dangers that put his or her virtues, such as bravery, to the test." (Oxford, 2015)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Oxford Dictionary of Literary Terms, 4th ed.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#adventureWriting
Tag: genre:adventureWriting
dcterms:references: http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780199208272.001.0001/acref-9780199208272-e-15?rskey=BDrsna%26result=11
rdf:type: genre:FictionalGenre

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allegory

"Literary works, art works, or other creative works that employ allegory to express complex abstract ideas, for example works that employ symbolic, fictional figures and actions to express truths or generalizations about human conduct or experience." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#allegory
Tag: genre:allegory
owl:sameAs: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300202507
rdf:type: genre:FictionalGenre

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animal story
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#animalStory
Tag: genre:animalStory
rdf:type: genre:FictionalGenre

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bisexual fiction

Fiction dealing with bisexuality.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#bisexualFiction
Tag: genre:bisexualFiction
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2018026053
rdf:type: genre:FictionalGenre genre:LGBTQPlusGenre

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character sketch

"A character sketch is an abbreviated portrayal of a particular characteristic of people. The term originates in portraiture, where the character sketch is a common academic exercise. Following the translation of Theophrastus's Characters into English, a number of British and American painters attempted to illustrate the "types" of humanity. As late as William Hogarth, portraitists were doing studies of (in his case) Nine heads. The artist performing a character sketch attempts to capture an expression or gesture that goes beyond coincident actions and gets to the essence of the individual." (DBpedia, 2019)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#characterSketch
Tag: genre:characterSketch
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Character_sketch
rdf:type: genre:FictionalGenre

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condition of england novel

A form of narrative fiction, named for a phrase from Thomas Carlyle's “Chartism” (1839), that addresses Victorian social and political issues with a focus on political unrest and class conflict, and typically seeks to instill empathy for the poor and understanding of social iniquities and injustices. Closely related to the industrial novel because of its interest in the impact of the industrial revolution.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#conditionOfEnglandNovel
Tag: genre:conditionOfEnglandNovel
rdf:type: genre:FictionalGenre genre:NovelisticGenre genre:PoliticalGenre

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courtship fiction

Fiction in which courtship is a major part of the plot.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#courtshipFiction
Tag: genre:courtshipFiction
rdf:type: genre:FictionalGenre genre:RomanceGenre

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dream vision

"Literature, typically a poem and frequently an allegory or symbolic tale, in which the plot is a dream recounted by a narrator who dreamed it." (Oxford, 2015)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Oxford Dictionary of Literary Terms, 4th ed.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#dreamVision
Tag: genre:dreamVision
dcterms:references: http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780199208272.001.0001/acref-9780199208272-e-351?rskey=MMt5zw%26result=351
rdf:type: genre:FictionalGenre

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dystopia

"(from Greek, dys topos, "bad place"): The opposite of a utopia, a dystopia is an imaginary society in fictional writing that represents, as M. H. Abrams puts it, "a very unpleasant imaginary world in which ominous tendencies of our present social, political, and technological order are projected in some disastrous future culmination" (Glossary 218). For instance, while a utopia presents readers with a place where all the citizens are happy and ruled by a virtuous, efficient, rational government, a dystopia presents readers with a world where all citizens are universally unhappy, manipulated, and repressed by a sinister, sadistic totalitarian state. This government exists at best to further its own power and at worst seeks actively to destroy its own citizens' creativity, health, and happiness. Examples of fictional dystopias include Aldous Huxley's Brave New World, George Orwell's 1984, Margaret Atwood's The Handmaid's Tale, and Ursula Le Guin's The Dispossessed." (L. K Wheeler, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to Dr. L. Kip Wheeler of Carson-Newman University.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#dystopia
Tag: genre:dystopia
dcterms:references: http://web.cn.edu/kwheeler/lit_terms_d.html
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026302
rdf:type: genre:FictionalGenre

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fairytale

"Narratives set in the distant past recounting events impossible in the real world, often magical and with fairies, but with humans as heroes and heroines." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#fairytale
Tag: genre:fairytale
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026329 http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300185684
rdf:type: genre:FictionalGenre

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fantasy

"Literary genre in which works are of a whimsical or visionary nature, having suppositions that are speculation or resting on no solid grounds." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#fantasy
Tag: genre:fantasy
owl:sameAs: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300380290
rdf:type: genre:FictionalGenre

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fiction

"Genre that refers to works evoked from the imagination of the writer and not conferred as fact. In literature, fiction generally refers to the novel, novella, short story, and poetic forms." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#fiction
Tag: genre:fiction
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026333 http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300055918
rdf:type: genre:FictionalGenre

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ghost story

"Prose tales of the supernatural in which the living encounter manifestations of the spirits of the dead." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#ghostStory
Tag: genre:ghostStory
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026357 http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300254823
rdf:type: genre:FictionalGenre

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legend folktale

"Stories that have been maintained over time, usually by a particular culture through an oral tradition. Often understood within originating cultures as historical accounts although they differ from Western record-keeping." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

[skos:altLabel: folklore ]

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#legendFolktale
Tag: genre:legendFolktale
owl:sameAs: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300055922
rdf:type: genre:FictionalGenre
skos:related: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026344

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magic realist

"A style of fiction popularized in Latin-American writing from the mid-twentieth century, in which magical or fantastical elements are not treated as unusual, but rather occur alongside realistic elements as a natural part of the narrative." (Encyclopædia Britannica, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Encyclopædia Britannica.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#magicRealist
Tag: genre:magicRealist
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Magic_realism http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026424
rdf:type: genre:FictionalGenre

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mystery

"A novel focused on suspense and solving a mystery--especially a murder, theft, kidnapping, or some other crime. The protagonist faces inexplicable events, threats, assaults, and unknown forces or antagonists. Conventionally, the hero is a keenly observant individual (such as Sherlock Holmes) and the police are depicted as incompetent or incapable of solving the crime by themselves. Many of the works of Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, Edgar Allan Poe, and Agatha Christie are mystery novels." (L. K Wheeler, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from polars.org.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#mystery
Tag: genre:mystery
dcterms:references: http://web.cn.edu/kwheeler/lit_terms_m.html
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026280
rdf:type: genre:FictionalGenre

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novel of sensibility
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#novelOfSensibility
Tag: genre:novelOfSensibility
rdf:type: genre:FictionalGenre

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picaresque

"The picaresque novel (Spanish: "picaresca," from "pícaro," for "rogue" or "rascal") is a genre of prose fiction which depicts the adventures of a roguish hero of low social class who lives by his wits in a corrupt society. Picaresque novels typically adopt a realistic style, with elements of comedy and satire. This style of novel originated in 16th-century Spain and flourished throughout Europe in the 17th and 18th centuries. It continues to influence modern literature. According to the traditional view of Thrall and Hibbard (first published in 1936), seven qualities distinguish the picaresque novel or narrative form, all or some of which may be employed for effect by the author. (1) A picaresque narrative is usually written in first person as an autobiographical account. (2) The main character is often of low character or social class. He or she gets by with wit and rarely deigns to hold a job. (3) There is no plot. The story is told in a series of loosely connected adventures or episodes. (4) There is little if any character development in the main character. Once a picaro, always a picaro. His or her circumstances may change but they rarely result in a change of heart. (5) The picaro's story is told with a plainness of language or realism. (6) Satire might sometimes be a prominent element. (7) The behavior of a picaresque hero or heroine stops just short of criminality. Carefree or immoral rascality positions the picaresque hero as a sympathetic outsider, untouched by the false rules of society. However, Trall and Hibbert's thesis has been questioned by scholars[specify] interested in how genre functions, rather than how it looks on the surface." (DBpedia, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#picaresque
Tag: genre:picaresque
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Picaresque_novel http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026479
rdf:type: genre:FictionalGenre

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realist

"Fiction that attempts to capture life as it is, rejecting idealism in favour of exposing in detail the realities, including the flaws, of its characters and their lives." (Oxford, 2015)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Oxford Dictionary of Literary Terms, 4th ed.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#realist
Tag: genre:realist
dcterms:references: http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780199208272.001.0001/acref-9780199208272-e-954?rskey=CNr3ZX%26result=951
rdf:type: genre:FictionalGenre

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school fiction

"The school story is a fiction genre centering on older pre-adolescent and adolescent school life, at its most popular in the first half of the twentieth century. While examples do exist in other countries, it is most commonly set in English boarding schools and mostly written in girls' and boys' subgenres, reflecting the single-sex education typical until the 1950s. It focuses largely on friendship, honor and loyalty between pupils. Plots involving sports events, bullies, secrets, rivalry and bravery are often used to shape the school story." (DBpedia, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#schoolFiction
Tag: genre:schoolFiction
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:School_story
rdf:type: genre:FictionalGenre

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science fiction

"Science fiction is a genre of speculative fiction dealing with imaginative concepts such as futuristic settings, futuristic science and technology, space travel, time travel, faster than light travel, parallel universes and extraterrestrial life. Science fiction often explores the potential consequences of scientific and other innovations, and has been called a "literature of ideas." It usually eschews the supernatural, and unlike the related genre of fantasy, historically science fiction stories were intended to have at least a faint grounding in science-based fact or theory at the time the story was created, but this connection has become tenuous or non-existent in much of science fiction." (DBpedia, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#scienceFiction
Tag: genre:scienceFiction
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Science_fiction http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026529
rdf:type: genre:FictionalGenre

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short story

"Relatively brief invented prose narratives." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#shortStory
Tag: genre:shortStory
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Short_story http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026542
rdf:type: genre:FictionalGenre

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sketch

A short, often but not necessarily humorous depiction of a person, incident, or a subject, by analogy with an artistic sketch often cursory and suggestive rather than fully fleshed out. Subjects may be identifiable or fictional. See Sketch story - Wikipedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#sketch
Tag: genre:sketch
rdf:type: genre:FictionalGenre
rdfs:seeAlso: dbpedia:Sketch_story

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thriller

"Fiction full of action and suspense in which the protagonist is threatened by some sort of danger, often through the actions of a villain or criminal. The protagonist must usually employ both physical skill and wit to escape danger and outsmart the villain." (Oxford, 2015)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Oxford Dictionary of Literary Terms, 4th ed.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#thriller
Tag: genre:thriller
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Thriller_(genre) http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026571
rdf:type: genre:FictionalGenre

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utopia

"An imaginary place or government in which political and social perfection has been reached in the material world as opposed to some spiritual afterlife as discussed in the Christian Bible or the Elysian fields of The Odyssey. The citizens of such utopias are typically universally clean, virtuous, healthy, and happy, or at least those who are criminals are always captured and appropriately punished. A utopian society is one that has cured all social ills. See discussion under Utopian literature, below. Contrast with dystopia. UTOPIAN" (L. K Wheeler, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#utopia
Tag: genre:utopia
dcterms:references: http://web.cn.edu/kwheeler/lit_terms_u.html
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026583
rdf:type: genre:FictionalGenre

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vignette

"In theatrical script writing, sketch stories, and poetry, a vignette is a short impressionistic scene that focuses on one moment or gives a trenchant impression about a character, idea, setting, or object.[citation needed] This type of scene is more common in recent postmodern theater, where less emphasis is placed on adhering to the conventions of theatrical structure and story development. Vignettes have been particularly influenced by contemporary notions of a scene as shown in film, video and television scripting. It is also a part of something bigger than itself: for example, a vignette about a house belonging to a collection of vignettes or a whole story, such as The House On Mango Street, by Sandra Cisneros. A blog can provide a form of vignette." (DBpedia, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#vignette
Tag: genre:vignette
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Vignette_(literature)
rdf:type: genre:FictionalGenre

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historical overview
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#historicalOverview
Tag: genre:historicalOverview
rdf:type: genre:HistoricalGenre

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historical writing

"Refers to maps that indicate political administrative boundaries or other characteristics of a region at periods of time before the present. They typically include historical names for places, historical population dispositions, and the historical state of physical features." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#historicalWriting
Tag: genre:historicalWriting
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Historical_fiction
rdf:type: genre:HistoricalGenre

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history

"Chronological records of significant events, as of the life or development of a people, country, or institution, often with an explanation of the causes." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#history
Tag: genre:history
owl:sameAs: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300026358
rdf:type: genre:HistoricalGenre

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local history
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#localHistory
Tag: genre:localHistory
rdf:type: genre:HistoricalGenre

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national tale

"A romantic genre developed in early nineteenth-century, particularly associated with Ireland and Scotland, in which historical content is woven into narratives treating such subjects as the formation or defence of a nation, political conflict with a bearing on nationhood, and national identity or culture." (Foster, 2006)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from The Cambridge Companion to the Irish Novel.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#nationalTale
Tag: genre:nationalTale
dcterms:references: https://books.google.ca/books?id=b2uvkN2taiQC&printsec=frontcover&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false
rdf:type: genre:HistoricalGenre genre:NovelisticGenre

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oral history

"Oral history is the collection and study of historical information about individuals, families, important events, or everyday life using audiotapes, videotapes, or transcriptions of planned interviews. These interviews are conducted with people who participated in or observed past events and whose memories and perceptions of these are to be preserved as an aural record for future generations. Oral history strives to obtain information from different perspectives and most of these cannot be found in written sources. Oral history also refers to information gathered in this manner and to a written work (published or unpublished) based on such data, often preserved in archives and large libraries. The term is sometimes used in a more general sense to refer to any information about past events that people who experienced them tell anybody else, but professional historians usually consider this to be oral tradition. However, as the Columbia Encyclopedia explains: Primitive societies have long relied on oral tradition to preserve a record of the past in the absence of written histories. In Western society, the use of oral material goes back to the early Greek historians Herodotus and Thucydides, both of whom made extensive use of oral reports from witnesses. The modern concept of oral history was developed in the 1940s by Allan Nevins and his associates at Columbia University." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#oralHistory
Tag: genre:oralHistory
rdf:type: genre:HistoricalGenre genre:NarrativeGenre

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colouring book

"Books containing outline drawings, for coloring in with crayons, watercolor, colored pencils, or other media, usually intended for use by children." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#colouringBook
Tag: genre:colouringBook
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2017026082 http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300026449
rdf:type: genre:IllustratedForm

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comicbook

"Sequence of illustrations containing a story or stories (called "comics," because some are humorous), often serialized, published in booklet form." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#comicbook
Tag: genre:comicbook
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026266 http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300203177
rdf:type: genre:IllustratedForm

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graphic novel
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#graphicNovel
Tag: genre:graphicNovel
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026362
rdf:type: genre:IllustratedForm

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illustrated
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#illustrated
Tag: genre:illustrated
rdf:type: genre:IllustratedForm

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photo essay

"A photo-essay is a set or series of photographs that are made to create series of emotions in the viewer. A photo essay will often show pictures in deep emotional stages. Photo essays range from purely photographic works to photographs with captions or small comments to full text essays illustrated with photographs. Examples of photo essays include: * An article in a publication, sometimes a full page or a two-page spread * A book or other complete publication. * A web page or portion of a web site. * A single montage or collage of photographic images, with text or other additions, intended to be viewed both as a whole and as individual photographs. Such a work may also fall in the category of mixed media. * An art show which is staged at a particular time and location. Some such shows also fall into other categories category. * In fashion publishing especially, a photo-editorial – an editorial-style article dominated by or entirely consisting of a series of thematic photographs Photographers known for their photo-essays include: * W. Eugene Smith * Ansel Adams * Adams's Born Free and Equal (1944) documented Japanese Americans held at the Manzanar War Relocation Center during World War II. * James Nachtwey Photo-essays moved from printed press to the net." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#photoEssay
Tag: genre:photoEssay
rdf:type: genre:IllustratedForm

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announcement
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#announcement
Tag: genre:announcement
rdf:type: genre:InformationalGenre

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architectural writing

[skos:altLabel: architecture ]

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#architecturalWriting
Tag: genre:architecturalWriting
rdf:type: genre:InformationalGenre genre:ScholarlyGenre genre:ThematicGenre

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biography

"The genre of nonfiction that concerns accounts of the lives of individuals." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#biography
Tag: genre:biography
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026049 http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300404015
rdf:type: genre:InformationalGenre

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chronology

"Tables, lists, or treatises listing events, biographies, milestones, or other items in serial temporal order relative to given dates or time periods." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#chronology
Tag: genre:chronology
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026062 http://vocab.getty.edu/page/aat/300252008
rdf:type: genre:InformationalGenre

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cookbook

"Reference publications containing collections of recipes with ancillary content on selection of ingredients or the broader context of the types of cooking presented. Contemporary cookbooks may focus on cultural or regional themes." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#cookbook
Tag: genre:cookbook
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2011026169 http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300026109
rdf:type: genre:InformationalGenre

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documentary

"Written, oral, sound, or photographic recordings, or presentations in other media that explain or re-create actual events, eras, life stories, or other factual information in a manner purporting to be objective and accurate." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#documentary
Tag: genre:documentary
owl:sameAs: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300249172
rdf:type: genre:InformationalGenre

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epitaph

"An epitaph (from Greek ἐπιτάφιος epitaphios "a funeral oration" from ἐπί epi "at, over" and τάφος taphos "tomb") is a short text honoring a deceased person. Strictly speaking, it refers to text that is inscribed on a tombstone or plaque, but it may also be used in a figurative sense. Some epitaphs are specified by the person themselves before their death, while others are chosen by those responsible for the burial. An epitaph may be written in prose or in poem verse; poets have been known to compose their own epitaphs prior to their death." (DBpedia, 2018)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#epitaph
Tag: genre:epitaph
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Epitaph
rdf:type: genre:InformationalGenre

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genealogy

"Accounts or histories of the descent of persons, families, or other groups, from an ancestor or ancestors; enumerations of ancestors and their descendants in the natural order of succession." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#genealogy
Tag: genre:genealogy
owl:sameAs: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300027015
rdf:type: genre:InformationalGenre
skos:related: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026100

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government report

An official government publication covering any of a wide variety of subjects.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#governmentReport
Tag: genre:governmentReport
rdf:type: genre:InformationalGenre

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informational writing

A broad category of writing, often considered nonfictional, designed to convey specific content on a wide range of topics. That content may not be true, and informational texts like other forms of writing are vehicles for persuasion and ideology. Informational writing may possess literary qualities and may or may not be scholarly.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#informationalWriting
Tag: genre:informationalWriting
rdf:type: genre:InformationalGenre
skos:related: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026113

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interview

"An interview is a conversation where questions are asked and answers are given. In common parlance, the word "interview" refers to a one-on-one conversation with one person acting in the role of the interviewer and the other in the role of the interviewee. The interviewer asks questions, the interviewee responds, with participants taking turns talking. Interviews usually involve a transfer of information from interviewee to interviewer, which is usually the primary purpose of the interview, although information transfers can happen in both directions simultaneously. One can contrast an interview which involves bi-directional communication with a one-way flow of information, such as a speech or oration. Interviews usually take place face to face and in person, although modern communications technologies such as the Internet have enabled conversations to happen in which parties are separated geographically, such as with videoconferencing software, and of course telephone interviews can happen without visual contact. Interviews almost always involve spoken conversation between two or more parties, although in some instances a "conversation" can happen between two persons who type questions and answers back and forth. Interviews can range from unstructured or free-wheeling and open-ended conversations in which there is no predetermined plan with prearranged questions, to highly structured conversations in which specific questions occur in a specified order. They can follow diverse formats; for example, in a ladder interview, a respondent's answers typically guide subsequent interviews, with the object being to explore a respondent's subconscious motives. Typically the interviewer has some way of recording the information that is gleaned from the interviewee, often by writing with a pencil and paper, sometimes transcribing with a video or audio recorder, depending on the context and extent of information and the length of the interview. Interviews have a duration in time, in the sense that the interview has a beginning and an ending." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#interview
Tag: genre:interview
rdf:type: genre:InformationalGenre

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medical writing

Writing, typically of a scientific nature, relating to the field of medicine.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#medicalWriting
Tag: genre:medicalWriting
rdf:type: genre:InformationalGenre

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musical writing

Writing associated with some form of music.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#musicalWriting
Tag: genre:musicalWriting
rdf:type: genre:InformationalGenre genre:MusicalGenre

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non-fiction

"Nonfiction or non-fiction is content (often, in the form of a story) whose creator, in good faith, assumes responsibility for the truth or accuracy of the events, people, and/or information presented. In contrast, a story whose creator explicitly leaves open if and how the work refers to reality is usually classified as fiction. Nonfiction, which may be presented either objectively or subjectively, is traditionally one of the two main divisions of narratives (and, specifically, prose writing), the other traditional division being fiction, which contrasts with nonfiction by dealing in information, events, and characters expected to be partly or largely imaginary. Nonfiction's specific factual assertions and descriptions may or may not be accurate, and can give either a true or a false account of the subject in question. However, authors of such accounts genuinely believe or claim them to be truthful at the time of their composition or, at least, pose them to a convinced audience as historically or empirically factual. Reporting the beliefs of others in a nonfiction format is not necessarily an endorsement of the ultimate veracity of those beliefs, it is simply saying it is true that people believe them (for such topics as mythology). Nonfiction can also be written about fiction, typically known as literary criticism, giving information and analysis on these other works. Nonfiction need not necessarily be written text, since pictures and film can also purport to present a factual account of a subject." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#nonFiction
Tag: genre:nonFiction
rdf:type: genre:InformationalGenre

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obituary

"An obituary (obit for short) is a news article that reports the recent death of a person, typically along with an account of the person's life and information about the upcoming funeral." (DBpedia, 2018)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#obituary
Tag: genre:obituary
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Obituary http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026134
rdf:type: genre:InformationalGenre

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orientalist

"Writing about the East by Western writers and with a Western perspective, encompassing everything from fiction to scientific writing. In Orientalist writing, even if not looked down upon as inferior, Eastern cultures are represented as foreign and exotic, and in need of translation, interpretation, or explanation." (Penguin, 1999)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#orientalist
Tag: genre:orientalist
rdf:type: genre:InformationalGenre genre:ThematicGenre

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profile of author
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#profileOfAuthor
Tag: genre:profileOfAuthor
rdf:type: genre:InformationalGenre

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program notes

"A concert program or programme is a selection and ordering, or programming, of pieces to be performed at an occasion, or concert. Programs may be influenced by the available ensemble of instruments, by performer ability or skill, by theme (historical, programmatic, or technical), by musical concerns (such as form), or by allowable time. For example, a brass ensemble will perform an "all brass" program, the pieces of which may be chosen by a theme, such as "all Bach", and the chosen pieces may be ordered so that they build in intensity as the concert progresses. Concert programs may be put together by ensembles, conductors, or ensemble directors, and are often explained in program notes. The program note is a standard element of a concert where contemporary or classical music is being performed. Program notes serve two purposes: to provide historical and background information on the piece and, if necessary, the composer, and to give the audience some sense of what to expect, and what possibly what to listen for, when listening to the work. With the presentation of contemporary pieces, it is common to include notes provided by the composer. Programs may include information about, and quotes or commentary from, the composer, conductor, or performers, as well as provide context regarding the musical era. Programs may also include information about the programmatic or absolute content of the music, including analysis, and may point out details such as themes, musical motifs, and sections or movements." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#programNotes
Tag: genre:programNotes
rdf:type: genre:InformationalGenre

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summary
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#summary
Tag: genre:summary
rdf:type: genre:InformationalGenre

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survey
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#survey
Tag: genre:survey
rdf:type: genre:InformationalGenre

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abridgement

"Versions of written works produced by condensation and omission but with retention of the general meaning and manner of presentation of the original, often prepared by someone other than the author of the original." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#abridgement
Tag: genre:abridgement
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026037 http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300202489
rdf:type: genre:IntertextualGenre

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adaptation

W"ritten works or works derived from written works, where the second work is an alteration or amendment a text to make it suitable for another purpose. An example of an adaptation is a version of an earlier text made to better agree with a philosophy other than that intended by the original. Other examples are written works adapted for another medium, such as film, broadcasting, or stage production." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#adaptation
Tag: genre:adaptation
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026041
rdf:type: genre:IntertextualGenre
skos:closeMatch: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300410356

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answer

A form of intertextuality in which an author writes a response to a work by another writer, typically to argue against the statements of that work. Often takes the form of an essay or letter.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#answer
Tag: genre:answer
rdf:type: genre:DialogueOrDebateGenre genre:IntertextualGenre

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commentary
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#commentary
Tag: genre:commentary
rdf:type: genre:IntertextualGenre

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imitation

"A form of intertextuality in which a writer intentionally adopts the style of another writer or borrows important elements of someone else's work." (Penguin, 1999)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Penguin Dictionary of Literary Terms & Literary Theory, 4th ed.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#imitation
Tag: genre:imitation
rdf:type: genre:IntertextualGenre

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parody

"A parody (/ˈpærədi/; also called spoof, send-up, take-off or lampoon), in use, is a work created to imitate, make fun of, or comment on an original work, its subject, author, style, or some other target, by means of satiric or ironic imitation. As the literary theorist Linda Hutcheon puts it, "parody … is imitation, not always at the expense of the parodied text." Another critic, Simon Dentith, defines parody as "any cultural practice which provides a relatively polemical allusive imitation of another cultural production or practice."Parody may be found in art or culture, including literature, music (although "parody" in music has an earlier, somewhat different meaning than for other art forms), animation, gaming and film. The writer and critic John Gross observes in his Oxford Book of Parodies, that parody seems to flourish on territory somewhere between pastiche ("a composition in another artist's manner, without satirical intent") and burlesque (which "fools around with the material of high literature and adapts it to low ends"). Meanwhile, the Encyclopédie of Denis Diderot distinguishes between the parody and the burlesque, "A good parody is a fine amusement, capable of amusing and instructing the most sensible and polished minds; the burlesque is a miserable buffoonery which can only please the populace." Historically, when a formula grows tired, as in the case of the moralistic melodramas in the 1910s, it retains value only as a parody, as demonstrated by the Buster Keaton shorts that mocked that genre. In his 1960 anthology of parody from the 14th through 20th centuries, critic Dwight Macdonald offered this metaphor: "Parody is making a new wine that tastes like the old but has a slightly lethal effect." (DBpedia, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#parody
Tag: genre:parody
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Parody http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026470
rdf:type: genre:IntertextualGenre

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reflection
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#reflection
Tag: genre:reflection
rdf:type: genre:IntertextualGenre

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review

"Periodicals, reports, or essays giving critical estimates and appraisals of art, a performance, or event." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#review
Tag: genre:review
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026168 http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300026480
rdf:type: genre:IntertextualGenre

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satire

"Literary compositions in verse or prose, or ideas expressed as the subjects of art works, in which human folly and vice are held up to scorn, derision, or ridicule." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#satire
Tag: genre:satire
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026525 http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300251297
rdf:type: genre:IntertextualGenre genre:SatiricalGenre

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sequel

"(from Latin sequi, to follow): A literary work complete in itself, but continuing the narrative of an earlier work. It is a new story that extends or develops characters and situations found in an earlier work. Two sequels following an original work (together) are called a trilogy. Three sequels following an original work together are called a tetralogy.Often sequels have a reputation for inferior artistry compared to the original publication since they are often hastily written from the desire to capitalize on earlier financial success. Examples include Mark Twain's Tom Sawyer Abroad, which is a sequel to The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, and Alexandra Ripley's Scarlett, which is a sequel to Mitchell's Gone With the Wind. In the late twentieth century, it became common retroactively to write "prequels," a later book with the same geographic setting or characters, but which takes place in an earlier time." (L. K Wheeler, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to Dr. L. Kip Wheeler of Carson-Newman University.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#sequel
Tag: genre:sequel
dcterms:references: http://web.cn.edu/kwheeler/lit_terms_s.html
rdf:type: genre:IntertextualGenre

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translation

Translated versions of a text. (Getty, 2019)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to Dr. L. Kip Wheeler of Carson-Newman University.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#translation
Tag: genre:translation
rdf:type: genre:IntertextualGenre
skos:closeMatch: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300027389

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column
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#column
Tag: genre:column
rdf:type: genre:JournalForm
skos:related: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300026441

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journal

A journal or magazine is a regular publication which may be devoted to material of general interest, a particular subject, or a professional or academic field.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#journal
Tag: genre:journal
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026139
rdf:type: genre:JournalForm

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newspaper

"A newspaper is a serial publication containing news, other informative articles (), and advertising. A newspaper is usually but not exclusively printed on relatively inexpensive, low-grade paper such as newsprint. The news organizations that publish newspapers are themselves often metonymically called newspapers. Most newspapers are now published online as well as in print. The online versions are called online newspapers or news sites. Newspapers are typically published daily or weekly. News magazines are also weekly, but they have a magazine format. General-interest newspapers typically publish news articles and feature articles on national and international news as well as local news. The news includes political events and personalities, business and finance, crime, severe weather, and natural disasters; health and medicine, science, and technology; sports; and entertainment, society, food and cooking, clothing and home fashion, and the arts. Typically the paper is divided into sections for each of those major groupings (labeled A, B, C, and so on, with pagination prefixes yielding page numbers A1-A20, B1-B20, C1-C20, and so on). Most traditional papers also feature an editorial page containing editorials written by an editor, op-eds written by guest writers, and columns that express the personal opinions of columnists, usually offering analysis and synthesis that attempts to translate the raw data of the news into information telling the reader "what it all means" and persuading them to concur. A wide variety of material has been published in newspapers. Besides the aforementioned news and opinions, they include weather forecasts; criticism and reviews of the arts (including literature, film, television, theater, fine arts, and architecture) and of local services such as restaurants; obituaries; entertainment features such as crosswords, horoscopes, editorial cartoons, gag cartoons, and comic strips; advice, food, and other columns; and radio and television listings (program schedules). Most newspapers are businesses, and they pay their expenses (such as journalists' wages, printing costs, and distribution costs) with a mixture of subscription revenue, newsstand sales, and advertising revenue (other businesses or individuals pay to place advertisements in the pages, including display ads, classified ads, and their online equivalents). Some newspapers are government-run or at least government-funded; their reliance on advertising revenue and on profitability is less critical to their survival. The editorial independence of a newspaper is thus always subject to the interests of someone, whether owners, advertisers, or a government. Some newspapers with high editorial independence, high journalism quality, and large circulation are viewed as newspapers of record. Many newspapers, besides employing journalists on their own payrolls, also subscribe to news agencies (wire services) (such as the Associated Press, Reuters, or Agence France-Presse), which employ journalists to find, assemble, and report the news, then sell the content to the various newspapers. This is a way to avoid duplicating the expense of reporting. Circa 2005, there were approximately 6,580 daily newspaper titles in the world selling 395 million print copies a day (in the U.S., 1,450 titles selling 55 million copies). The late 2000s–early 2010s global recession, combined with the rapid growth of free web-based alternatives, has helped cause a decline in advertising and circulation, as many papers had to retrench operations to increase profitability. The decline in advertising revenues affected both the print and online media as well as all other mediums; print advertising was once lucrative but has greatly declined, and the prices of online advertising are often lower than those of their print precursors. Besides remodeling advertising, the internet (especially the web) has also challenged the business models of the print-only era by democratizing and crowdsourcing both publishing in general (sharing information with others) and, more specifically, journalism (the work of finding, assembling, and reporting the news). In addition, the rise of news aggregators, which bundle linked articles from many online newspapers and other sources, influences the flow of web traffic. Increasing paywalling of online newspapers may be counteracting those effects." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#newspaper
Tag: genre:newspaper
rdf:type: genre:JournalForm
skos:related: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300026656

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periodical feature
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#periodicalFeature
Tag: genre:periodicalFeature
rdf:type: genre:JournalForm

genre:JournalisticGenre (1)

Journalistic Genre

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journalism

"Content prepared for a newspaper, magazine, news website, or other form of news media, typically with the purpose of recording facts about a person or event." (Merriam-Webster, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Merriam-Webster dictionary.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#journalism
Tag: genre:journalism
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Journalism
rdf:type: genre:JournalisticGenre

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bisexual fiction

Fiction dealing with bisexuality.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#bisexualFiction
Tag: genre:bisexualFiction
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2018026053
rdf:type: genre:FictionalGenre genre:LGBTQPlusGenre

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coming out

Pertaining to the process of coming out sexually.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#comingOut
Tag: genre:comingOut
rdf:type: genre:LGBTQPlusGenre genre:ThematicGenre

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lesbian

Lesbian literature is a subgenre of literature addressing lesbian themes. It includes poetry, plays, fiction addressing lesbian characters, and non-fiction about lesbian-interest topics.

[skos:altLabel: lesbianWriting ]

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#lesbian
Tag: genre:lesbian
rdf:type: genre:LGBTQPlusGenre genre:ThematicGenre

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lgbtq

"LGBT, or GLBT, is an initialism that stands for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender. In use since the 1990s, the term is an adaptation of the initialism LGB, which was used to replace the term gay in reference to the LGBT community beginning in the mid-to-late 1980s. Activists believed that the term gay community did not accurately represent all those to whom it referred. The initialism has become mainstream as a self-designation; it has been adopted by the majority of sexuality and gender identity-based community centers and media in the United States, as well as some other English-speaking countries. The term is used also in some other countries, particularly those which languages use the initialism, such as Argentina, France and Turkey. The initialism LGBT is intended to emphasize a diversity of sexuality and gender identity-based cultures. It may be used to refer to anyone who is non-heterosexual or non-cisgender, instead of exclusively to people who are lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgender. To recognize this inclusion, a popular variant adds the letter Q for those who identify as queer or are questioning their sexual identity; LGBTQ has been recorded since 1996. Those who wish to include intersex people in LGBT groups suggest an extended initialism LGBTI. This initialism is used in all parts of "The Activist's Guide" of the Yogyakarta Principles in Action. Some people combine the two acronyms and use the term LGBTIQ. Whether or not LGBT people openly identify themselves may depend on local political concerns and whether they live in a discriminatory environment, as well as on the status of LGBT rights where they live." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#lgbtq
Tag: genre:lgbtq
rdf:type: genre:LGBTQPlusGenre genre:ThematicGenre

genre:LifeWritingGenre (1)

Life Writing Genre

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life writing

"Life writing is the recording of memories, and experiences, whether one's own or another's. This applies to many genres and practices, under which can be found autobiography, biography, memoir, diaries, letters, testimonies, personal essays and, more recently, digital forms such as blogs and email." (DBpedia, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#lifeWriting
Tag: genre:lifeWriting
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Life_writing
rdf:type: genre:LifeWritingGenre

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biblical paraphrase

A work that rewords the text of the Bible, often to improve clarity or to make it accessible to a wider audience.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#biblicalParaphrase
Tag: genre:biblicalParaphrase
rdf:type: genre:LiteraryGenre genre:ReligiousGenre

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devotional

"Christian devotional literature (also called devotionals or Christian living literature) is religious writing that is neither doctrinal nor theological, but designed for individuals to read for their personal edification and spiritual formation. Theologian Karl Holl has suggested that devotional literature came into full development at the time of Pietism during the second half of the 17th century." (DBpedia, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#devotional
Tag: genre:devotional
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Christian_devotional_literature http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2015026057
rdf:type: genre:LiteraryGenre genre:ReligiousGenre

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hagiography

"Saints' lives as a branch of literature or legend." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#hagiography
Tag: genre:hagiography
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2015026032 http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300201063
rdf:type: genre:LiteraryGenre genre:ReligiousGenre

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scripture

"Religious texts (also known as scripture, or scriptures, from the Latin scriptura, meaning "a writing" ) are the texts which various religious traditions consider to be sacred, or central to their religious tradition. Religious texts may be used to evoke a deeper connection with the divine, convey spiritual truths, promote mystical experience, foster communal identity, and to guide individual and communal spiritual practice. Many religions and spiritual movements believe that their sacred texts are divinely or supernaturally revealed or inspired. The monotheistic faiths view their texts as the "Word of God" and divine revelation." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#scripture
Tag: genre:scripture
rdf:type: genre:LiteraryGenre genre:ReligiousGenre

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animation

"Animation is the process of making the illusion of motion and change by means of the rapid display of a sequence of static images that minimally differ from each other. The illusion—as in motion pictures in general—is thought to rely on the phi phenomenon. Animators are artists who specialize in the creation of animation.Animation can be recorded with either analogue media, a flip book, motion picture film, video tape, digital media, including formats with animated GIF, Flash animation and digital video. To display animation, a digital camera, computer, or projector are used along with new technologies that are produced. Animation creation methods include the traditional animation creation method and those involving stop motion animation of two and three-dimensional objects, paper cutouts, puppets and clay figures. Images are displayed in a rapid succession, usually 24, 25, 30, or 60 frames per second." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#animation
Tag: genre:animation
rdf:type: genre:MovingMedium genre:VisualArtMedium

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film

"("Movie" and "Moving picture" redirect here. For other uses, see Movie (disambiguation) and Moving picture (disambiguation).) A film, also called a movie, motion picture, theatrical film or photoplay, is a series of still images which, when shown on a screen, creates the illusion of moving images due to the phi phenomenon. This optical illusion causes the audience to perceive continuous motion between separate objects viewed rapidly in succession. The process of filmmaking is both an art and an industry. A film is created by photographing actual scenes with a motion picture camera; by photographing drawings or miniature models using traditional animation techniques; by means of CGI and computer animation; or by a combination of some or all of these techniques and other visual effects. The word "cinema", short for cinematography, is often used to refer to the industry of films and filmmaking or to the art of filmmaking itself. The contemporary definition of cinema is the art of simulating experiences to communicate ideas, stories, perceptions, feelings, beauty or atmosphere by the means of recorded or programmed moving images along with other sensory stimulations. Films were originally recorded onto plastic film through a photochemical process, and then shown through a movie projector onto a large screen. The adoption of CGI-based special effects led to the use of digital intermediates. Most contemporary films are now fully digital through the entire process of production, distribution, and exhibition from start to finish. Films recorded in a photochemical form traditionally included an analogous optical soundtrack, which is a graphic recording of the spoken words, music and other sounds that accompany the images. It runs along a portion of the film exclusively reserved for it and is not projected. Films are cultural artifacts created by specific cultures. They reflect those cultures, and, in turn, affect them. Film is considered to be an important art form, a source of popular entertainment, and a powerful medium for educating—or indoctrinating—citizens. The visual basis of film gives it a universal power of communication. Some films have become popular worldwide attractions by using dubbing or subtitles to translate the dialog into the language of the viewer. Some have criticized the film industry's glorification of violence and its potentially negative treatment of women. The individual images that make up a film are called frames. During projection of traditional films, a rotating shutter causes intervals of darkness as each frame in turn is moved into position to be projected, but the viewer does not notice the interruptions because of an effect known as persistence of vision, whereby the eye retains a visual image for a fraction of a second after the source has been removed. The perception of motion is due to a psychological effect called phi phenomenon. The name "film" originates from the fact that photographic film (also called film stock) has historically been the medium for recording and displaying motion pictures. Many other terms exist for an individual motion picture, including picture, picture show, moving picture, photoplay and flick. The most common term in the United States is movie, while in Europe film is preferred. Terms for the field in general include the big screen, the silver screen, the movies and cinema; the latter is commonly used in scholarly texts and critical essays, especially by European writers. In early years, the word sheet was sometimes used instead of screen." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#film
Tag: genre:film
rdf:type: genre:MovingMedium genre:VisualArtMedium

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video recording

"Video is an electronic medium for the recording, copying, playback, broadcasting, and display of moving visual media. Video systems vary greatly in the resolution of the display and refresh rate. Video can be carried on a variety of media, including radio broadcast, tapes, DVDs, computer files etc." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#videoRecording
Tag: genre:videoRecording
rdf:type: genre:MovingMedium genre:VisualArtMedium
skos:related: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300028682

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ballade

"A ballade (from French ballade, [baˈlad], and German Ballade, [baˈlaːdə], both being words for "ballad"), in classical music since the late 18th century, refers to a setting of a literary ballad, a narrative poem, in the musical tradition of the Lied, or to a one-movement instrumental piece with lyrical and dramatic narrative qualities reminiscent of such a song setting, especially a piano ballad." (DBpedia, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#ballade
Tag: genre:ballade
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Ballad
rdf:type: genre:MusicalGenre genre:PoeticGenre

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hymn

"A religious song consisting of one or more repeating rhythmical stanzas. In classical Roman literature, hymns to Minerva and Jupiter survive. The Greek poet Sappho wrote a number of hymns to Aphrodite. More recently a vast number of hymns appear in Catholic and Protestant religious lyrics. A particularly vibrant tradition of hymn-writing comes from the South's African-American population during the nineteenth century. In the realm of fiction, C.S. Lewis creates hymns for the Solid Ones in The Great Divorce, and Tolkien creates Elvish hymns such as "O Elbereth" in The Lord of the Rings, typically with quatrain structure alternating with couplet stanzas. In the example of "O Elbereth," the hymn honors one of the Maiar spirits. See also paean." (L. K Wheeler, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to Dr. L. Kip Wheeler of Carson-Newman University.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#hymn
Tag: genre:hymn
dcterms:references: http://web.cn.edu/kwheeler/lit_terms_h.html
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026872
rdf:type: genre:MusicalGenre genre:PoeticGenre genre:ReligiousGenre

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music

"Performing arts genre having to do with the combining of vocal or instrumental sounds in measured time to communicate emotions, ideas, or states of mind, usually according to cultural standards of rhythm, melody, and, in most Western music, harmony." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#music
Tag: genre:music
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026952 http://vocab.getty.edu/page/aat/300054146
rdf:type: genre:MusicalGenre

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musical writing

Writing associated with some form of music.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#musicalWriting
Tag: genre:musicalWriting
rdf:type: genre:InformationalGenre genre:MusicalGenre

genre:MusicalNotationForm (1)

Musical Notation Form

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notated music

"Sheet music is a handwritten or printed form of music notation that uses modern musical symbols to indicate the pitches (melodies), rhythms and/or chords of a song or instrumental musical piece. Like its analogs – printed books or pamphlets in English, Arabic or other languages – the medium of sheet music typically is paper (or, in earlier centuries, papyrus or parchment), although the access to musical notation since the 1980s has included the presentation of musical notation on computer screens and the development of scorewriter computer programs that can notate a song or piece electronically, and, in some cases, "play back" the notated music using a synthesizer or virtual instruments. Use of the term "sheet" is intended to differentiate written or printed forms of music from sound recordings (on vinyl record, cassette, CD), radio or TV broadcasts or recorded live performances, which may capture film or video footage of the performance as well as the audio component. In everyday use, "sheet music" (or simply "music") can refer to the print publication of commercial sheet music in conjunction with the release of a new film, TV show, record album, or other special or popular event which involves music. The first printed sheet music made with a printing press was made in 1473. Sheet music is the basic form in which Western classical music is notated so that it can be learned and performed by solo singers or instrumentalists or musical ensembles. Many forms of traditional and popular Western music are commonly learned by singers and musicians "by ear", rather than by using sheet music (although in many cases, traditional and pop music may also be available in sheet music form). "Score" is a common alternative (and more generic) term for sheet music, and there are several types of scores, as discussed below. The term "score" can also refer to theatre music, orchestral music or songs written for a play, musical, opera or ballet, or to music or songs written for a television programme or film; for the last of these, see Film score." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#notatedMusic
Tag: genre:notatedMusic
rdf:type: genre:MusicalNotationForm

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detective

Detective fiction is a subgenre of crime fiction and mystery fiction in which an investigator or a detective—either professional or amateur—investigates a crime, often murder. (DBpedia, 2019)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#detective
Tag: genre:detective
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026280
rdf:type: genre:MysteryGenre
skos:closeMatch: dbpedia:Detective_fiction

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sensation novel

"The sensation novel was a literary genre of fiction popular in Great Britain in the 1860s and 1870s, following on from earlier melodramatic novels and the Newgate novels, which focused on tales woven around criminal biographies. It also drew on the gothic and romantic genres of fiction. The sensation novel's appearance notably follows the Industrial Revolution, which made books available on a mass scale for people of all social standings and increased the sensation novel's popularity. Sensation novels used both modes of romance and realism to the extreme where in the past they had traditionally been contradictory modes of literature. The sensation novelists commonly wrote stories that were allegorical and abstract; the abstract nature of the stories gave the authors room to explore scenarios that wrestled with the social anxieties of the Victorian Era. The loss of identity is seen in many sensation fiction stories because this was a common social anxiety; in Britain, there was an increased use in record keeping and therefore people questioned the meaning and permanence of identity. The social anxiety regarding identity is reflected in stories, such as, The Woman in White and Lady Audley's Secret. The genre of sensation fiction was established by the publications of the following novels The Woman in White by Wilkie Collins in 1859; East Lynne by Ellen Wood in 1861; Lady Audley's Secret by Mary Elizabeth Braddon in 1862. Perhaps the earliest use of the term, sensation fiction, as a name for such novels appears in the 1861 edition of the Saunders, Otley, & co.'s Literary Budget. The neo-Victorian novel of New Zealand author Eleanor Catton, The Luminaries, which won the 2013 Man Booker Prize, has been described as being heavily based on sensation literature, with its plot devices of "suspect wills and forged documents, secret marriages, illegitimacy and opium" (DBpedia, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#sensationNovel
Tag: genre:sensationNovel
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Sensation_novel
rdf:type: genre:MysteryGenre genre:NovelisticGenre

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cautionary tale
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#cautionaryTale
Tag: genre:cautionaryTale
rdf:type: genre:NarrativeGenre

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episodic literature

"Episodic storytelling is when a story is narrated through episodes, as opposed to chapters, which are typically seen in novels. The term used in literature to refer to a body of work composed of episodes or similar installments is serial. Serials are also known as episodic fiction. Multiple episodes are usually grouped together into a series through a unifying story arc. Episodes may not always contain the same characters, but each episode draws from a broader group of characters, or cast, all of whom exist in the same story world." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#episodicLiterature
Tag: genre:episodicLiterature
rdf:type: genre:NarrativeGenre

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eye-witness
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#eyeWitness
Tag: genre:eyeWitness
rdf:type: genre:NarrativeGenre

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fable

"Fictitious narratives usually with animals or inanimate objects as protagonists, intended to convey a hidden meaning regarding human conduct." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to Dr. L. Kip Wheeler of Carson-Newman University.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#fable
Tag: genre:fable
owl:sameAs: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300055917
rdf:type: genre:NarrativeGenre

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folk tale

"Folklore is traditional art, literature, knowledge, and practices that are passed on in large part through oral communication and example. The information thus transmitted expresses the shared ideas and values of a particular group. British antiquarian William Thoms is generally credited with coining the term "folklore" in 1846. Elliott Oring states thatfolklore is that part of culture that "lives happily ever after". The academic study of folklore is most often known as folkloristics, although it is sometimes also termed "folklore studies" and "folklife research". As an academic discipline folklore shares methods, and insights with literature, anthropology, art, music, history, linguistics, philosophy, and mythology." (DBpedia, 2019)

[skos:altLabel: folklore ]

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#folkTale
Tag: genre:folkTale
rdf:type: genre:NarrativeGenre

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legend

[skos:altLabel: folktale ]

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#legend
Tag: genre:legend
rdf:type: genre:NarrativeGenre

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myth

"Legendary stories without a determinable basis of fact or natural explanation, typically concerning a being, hero, deity, or event and explains some practice, rite, or phenomenon of nature." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#myth
Tag: genre:myth
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Myth
rdf:type: genre:NarrativeGenre

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oral history

"Oral history is the collection and study of historical information about individuals, families, important events, or everyday life using audiotapes, videotapes, or transcriptions of planned interviews. These interviews are conducted with people who participated in or observed past events and whose memories and perceptions of these are to be preserved as an aural record for future generations. Oral history strives to obtain information from different perspectives and most of these cannot be found in written sources. Oral history also refers to information gathered in this manner and to a written work (published or unpublished) based on such data, often preserved in archives and large libraries. The term is sometimes used in a more general sense to refer to any information about past events that people who experienced them tell anybody else, but professional historians usually consider this to be oral tradition. However, as the Columbia Encyclopedia explains: Primitive societies have long relied on oral tradition to preserve a record of the past in the absence of written histories. In Western society, the use of oral material goes back to the early Greek historians Herodotus and Thucydides, both of whom made extensive use of oral reports from witnesses. The modern concept of oral history was developed in the 1940s by Allan Nevins and his associates at Columbia University." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#oralHistory
Tag: genre:oralHistory
rdf:type: genre:HistoricalGenre genre:NarrativeGenre

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oratorio

"A lengthy musical composition for voice and orchestra, typically narrative and religious in nature. Unlike an opera, it is not a theatrical performance and does not include costumes or sets." (Oxford, 2015)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Oxford Dictionary of English, 3rd ed.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#oratorio
Tag: genre:oratorio
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Oratorio http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026977
rdf:type: genre:NarrativeGenre genre:ReligiousGenre genre:SongGenre

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quest narrative
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#questNarrative
Tag: genre:questNarrative
rdf:type: genre:NarrativeGenre

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testimony

"Solemn declarations, written or verbal; usually made orally by a witness under oath in response to interrogation by a lawyer or authorized public official, then reduced to writing for the record." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#testimony
Tag: genre:testimony
owl:sameAs: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300027861
rdf:type: genre:NarrativeGenre

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travel writing

About experiences away from home, typically containing descriptions of the scenery and culture of places visited. Sometimes includes biographical content, such as travel literature written in the form of a personal journal or diary.

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from Wikipedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#travel
Tag: genre:travel
rdf:type: genre:NarrativeGenre genre:ThematicGenre
skos:closeMatch: https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9cit_de_voyage
skos:narrower: genre:exploration

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à clef

"A novel in which the characters and plots are fictionalized, but can actually be recognized as real people and events in disguise. French for "novel with a key."" (DBpedia, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#aClef
Tag: genre:aClef
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Roman_%C3%A0_clef http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026518
rdf:type: genre:NovelisticGenre

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bildungsroman

"Novels of a traditional German genre that focuses on the spiritual development or formative years of an individual. Now in broad use to refer to this type of novel written in any language or in any culture." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#bildungsroman
Tag: genre:bildungsroman
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Bildungsroman http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026243
rdf:type: genre:NovelisticGenre
skos:broader: genre:kunstlerroman

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condition of england novel

A form of narrative fiction, named for a phrase from Thomas Carlyle's “Chartism” (1839), that addresses Victorian social and political issues with a focus on political unrest and class conflict, and typically seeks to instill empathy for the poor and understanding of social iniquities and injustices. Closely related to the industrial novel because of its interest in the impact of the industrial revolution.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#conditionOfEnglandNovel
Tag: genre:conditionOfEnglandNovel
rdf:type: genre:FictionalGenre genre:NovelisticGenre genre:PoliticalGenre

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domestic

"Domestic realism normally refers to the genre of nineteenth-century novels popular with women readers. This body of writing is also known as "sentimental fiction" or "woman's fiction". The genre is mainly reflected in the novel though short-stories and non-fiction works such as Harriet Beecher Stowe's "Our Country Neighbors" and The New Housekeeper's Manual written by Stowe and her sister-in-law Catharine Beecher are works of domestic realism. The style's particular characteristics are: "1. Plot focuses on a heroine who embodies one of two types of exemplar: the angel and the practical woman (Reynolds) who sometimes exist in the same work. Baym says that this heroine is contrasted with the passive woman (incompetent, cowardly, ignorant; often the heroine's mother is this type) and the "belle," who is deprived of a proper education. 2. The heroine struggles for self-mastery, learning the pain of conquering her own passions (Tompkins, Sensational Designs, 172). 3. The heroine learns to balance society's demands for self-denial with her own desire for autonomy, a struggle often addressed in terms of religion. 4. She suffers at the hands of abusers of power before establishing a network of surrogate kin. 5. The plots "repeatedly identify immersion in feeling as one of the great temptations and dangers for a developing woman. They show that feeling must be controlled. . . " (Baym 25). Frances Cogan notes that the heroines thus undergo a full education within which to realize feminine obligations (The All-American Girl). 6. The tales generally end with marriage, usually one of two possible kinds: A. Reforming the bad or "wild" male, as in Augusta Evans's St. Elmo (1867) B. Marrying the solid male who already meets her qualifications.Examples: Maria Cummins, The Lamplighter (1854) and Susan Warner, The Wide, Wide World (1850) 7. The novels may use a "language of tears" that evokes sympathy from the readers. 8. Richard Brodhead (Cultures of Letters) sees class as an important issue, as the ideal family or heroine is poised between a lower-class family exemplifying poverty and domestic disorganization and upper-class characters exemplifying an idle, frivolous existence (94)." An example of this style of novel is Jane Smiley's A Thousand Acres in which the main character's confinement is emphasized in such a way. Some early exponents of the genre of domestic realism were Jane Austen and Elizabeth Barrett Browning." (DBpedia, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#domestic
Tag: genre:domestic
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Domestic_realism
rdf:type: genre:NovelisticGenre genre:ThematicGenre

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industrial novel

"A novel that exposes the living or working conditions of the 19th century-working class as a result of the industrial revolution. The shocking circumstances—extreme poverty, deplorable factory conditions, widespread disease, over-crowded housing, etc.—are typically described in great detail. Solutions are often proposed, but the main goal of an industrial novel is to make the plight of the lower class known to the middle and upper classes in order to promote social change." (Penguin, 1999)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Penguin Dictionary of Literary Terms & Literary Theory, 4th ed.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#industrialNovel
Tag: genre:industrialNovel
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Industrial_novel
rdf:type: genre:NovelisticGenre genre:PoliticalGenre genre:ThematicGenre
skos:related: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2017026040

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kunstlerroman

A bildungsroman in which the protagonist is an writer or some other type of artist.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#kunstlerroman
Tag: genre:kunstlerroman
rdf:type: genre:NovelisticGenre
skos:narrower: genre:bildungsroman

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national tale

"A romantic genre developed in early nineteenth-century, particularly associated with Ireland and Scotland, in which historical content is woven into narratives treating such subjects as the formation or defence of a nation, political conflict with a bearing on nationhood, and national identity or culture." (Foster, 2006)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from The Cambridge Companion to the Irish Novel.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#nationalTale
Tag: genre:nationalTale
dcterms:references: https://books.google.ca/books?id=b2uvkN2taiQC&printsec=frontcover&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false
rdf:type: genre:HistoricalGenre genre:NovelisticGenre

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novel

"Invented prose narratives of considerable length and a certain complexity that deal imaginatively with human experience through a connected sequence of events involving a group of persons in a specific setting." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#novel
Tag: genre:novel
owl:sameAs: http://dbpedia.org/ontology/Novel http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2015026020
rdf:type: genre:NovelisticGenre

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novella

"Short prose tales popular in the Renaissance and for later prose narratives intermediate between novels and short stories." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#novella
Tag: genre:novella
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2015026019 http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300202569
rdf:type: genre:NovelisticGenre

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sensation novel

"The sensation novel was a literary genre of fiction popular in Great Britain in the 1860s and 1870s, following on from earlier melodramatic novels and the Newgate novels, which focused on tales woven around criminal biographies. It also drew on the gothic and romantic genres of fiction. The sensation novel's appearance notably follows the Industrial Revolution, which made books available on a mass scale for people of all social standings and increased the sensation novel's popularity. Sensation novels used both modes of romance and realism to the extreme where in the past they had traditionally been contradictory modes of literature. The sensation novelists commonly wrote stories that were allegorical and abstract; the abstract nature of the stories gave the authors room to explore scenarios that wrestled with the social anxieties of the Victorian Era. The loss of identity is seen in many sensation fiction stories because this was a common social anxiety; in Britain, there was an increased use in record keeping and therefore people questioned the meaning and permanence of identity. The social anxiety regarding identity is reflected in stories, such as, The Woman in White and Lady Audley's Secret. The genre of sensation fiction was established by the publications of the following novels The Woman in White by Wilkie Collins in 1859; East Lynne by Ellen Wood in 1861; Lady Audley's Secret by Mary Elizabeth Braddon in 1862. Perhaps the earliest use of the term, sensation fiction, as a name for such novels appears in the 1861 edition of the Saunders, Otley, & co.'s Literary Budget. The neo-Victorian novel of New Zealand author Eleanor Catton, The Luminaries, which won the 2013 Man Booker Prize, has been described as being heavily based on sensation literature, with its plot devices of "suspect wills and forged documents, secret marriages, illegitimacy and opium" (DBpedia, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#sensationNovel
Tag: genre:sensationNovel
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Sensation_novel
rdf:type: genre:MysteryGenre genre:NovelisticGenre

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sentimental

"The sentimental novel or the novel of sensibility is an 18th-century literary genre which celebrates the emotional and intellectual concepts of sentiment, sentimentalism, and sensibility. Sentimentalism, which is to be distinguished from sensibility, was a fashion in both poetry and prose fiction beginning in the eighteenth century in reaction to the rationalism of the Augustan Age. Sentimental novels relied on emotional response, both from their readers and characters. They feature scenes of distress and tenderness, and the plot is arranged to advance both emotions and actions. The result is a valorization of "fine feeling," displaying the characters as a model for refined, sensitive emotional effect. The ability to display feelings was thought to show character and experience, and to shape social life and relations." (DBpedia, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#sentimental
Tag: genre:sentimental
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Sentimental_novel http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026536
rdf:type: genre:NovelisticGenre genre:ThematicGenre

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silver-fork novel

"A mocking term for a popular literary genre depicting life in upper-class British society in the 1820s-1840s." (Oxford, 2015)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Oxford Dictionary of Literary Terms, 4th ed.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#silverForkNovel
Tag: genre:silverForkNovel
dcterms:references: http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780199208272.001.0001/acref-9780199208272-e-1057?rskey=bq3DDS%26result=1061
rdf:type: genre:NovelisticGenre

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verse novel

"A verse novel is a type of narrative poetry in which a novel-length narrative is told through the medium of poetry rather than prose. Either simple or complex stanzaic verse-forms may be used, but there will usually be a large cast, multiple voices, dialogue, narration, description, and action in a novelistic manner." (DBpedia, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#verseNovel
Tag: genre:verseNovel
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Verse_novel http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026457
rdf:type: genre:NovelisticGenre genre:PoeticGenre

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ballad opera

"A drama combining song and spoken dialogue, popularized in the 1700s by John Gay’s The Beggar’s Opera. It can be seen as a precursor to the modern musical." (Penguin, 1999)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Penguin Dictionary of Literary Terms & Literary Theory, 4th ed.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#balladOpera
Tag: genre:balladOpera
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Ballad_opera http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026645
rdf:type: genre:DramaticGenre genre:OperaGenre

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libretto

"Books or booklets containing the text or words of an opera or similar extended musical composition." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#libretto
Tag: genre:libretto
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Libretto http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026909
rdf:type: genre:OperaGenre genre:ScriptForm

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opera

"Dramatic musical performances in which most roles are sung with instrumental accompanyment, usually including arias, recitives, and choruses. Typically, they are intended to be staged with costumes, sets, and dramatic movement." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#opera
Tag: genre:opera
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Opera http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026976
rdf:type: genre:OperaGenre genre:PerformanceMedium

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grammar

"GRAMMAR: Another term for transformational grammar." (L. K Wheeler, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to Dr. L. Kip Wheeler of Carson-Newman University.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#grammar
Tag: genre:grammar
dcterms:references: http://web.cn.edu/kwheeler/lit_terms_g.html
rdf:type: genre:PedagogicalGenre

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instructional text
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#instructionalText
Tag: genre:instructionalText
rdf:type: genre:PedagogicalGenre

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pedagogy

"Writing dealing with the theory and practice of teaching." (Oxford, 2015)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#pedagogy
Tag: genre:pedagogy
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Pedagogy
rdf:type: genre:PedagogicalGenre

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quiz

A brief, interactive text that poses questions for the reader to answer, often as an assessment of knowledge in the form of questionnaire. (DBpedia, 2019)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#quiz
Tag: genre:quiz
rdf:type: genre:PedagogicalGenre
skos:closeMatch: dbpedia:Quiz

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textbook

"Books used as standard works for the formal study of a particular subject." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#textbook
Tag: genre:textbook
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026191 http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300026384
rdf:type: genre:PedagogicalGenre

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ballet

"Dramatic entertainments consisting of dance and mime performed to music. Ballets are characterized by stylized poses and steps that are combined with light and flowing figures and movements, such as leaps and turns; often combined with music, scenery, costume, and sometimes pantomime or speech to convey a story, theme, or atmosphere to the audience." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#ballet
Tag: genre:ballet
owl:sameAs: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300389780
rdf:type: genre:PerformanceMedium
skos:related: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300389780

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cabaret

"Various forms of entertainment, often involving dancing, singing, or comedy acts, performed at a venue such as a nightclub in which the audience is seated at tables. Live music played in restaurants or public houses would not usually be considered cabaret without an additional component." (Oxford, 2015)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Oxford Dictionary of English, 3rd ed.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#cabaret
Tag: genre:cabaret
dcterms:references: http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780199571123.001.0001/m_en_gb0114080?rskey=xIWuHx%26result=12581
rdf:type: genre:PerformanceMedium

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charade

"A form of riddle in which clues are given about each syllable of a word so that the entire word may be guessed. Originally, these riddles were written, often in the form of a poem, but it soon gained popularity as a parlour game in which the clues were mimed rather than written in verse." (Encyclopædia Britannica, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Encyclopædia Britannica.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#charade
Tag: genre:charade
dcterms:references: https://www.britannica.com/topic/charade-game
rdf:type: genre:PerformanceMedium
skos:related: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026533

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dance

"(See also: List of basic dance topics) Dance is a performance art form consisting of purposefully selected sequences of human movement. This movement has aesthetic and symbolic value, and is acknowledged as dance by performers and observers within a particular culture. Dance can be categorized and described by its choreography, by its repertoire of movements, or by its historical period or place of origin. An important distinction is to be drawn between the contexts of theatrical and participatory dance, although these two categories are not always completely separate; both may have special functions, whether social, ceremonial, competitive, erotic, martial, or sacred/liturgical. Other forms of human movement are sometimes said to have a dance-like quality, including martial arts, gymnastics, figure skating, synchronized swimming and many other forms of athletics." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#dance
Tag: genre:dance
rdf:type: genre:PerformanceMedium
skos:related: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300054144

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lecture
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#lecture
Tag: genre:lecture
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026122
rdf:type: genre:PerformanceMedium

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liturgy

"Writing, typically in the form of a prayer or a song, to be used by a particular religious community for the purpose of worship." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#liturgy
Tag: genre:liturgy
owl:sameAs: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300055983
rdf:type: genre:PerformanceMedium genre:ReligiousGenre

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masque

"Not to be confused with a masquerade, a masque is a type of elaborate court entertainment popular in the times of Queen Elizabeth I, King James I, and Charles I--i.e., the early 17th Century after Queen Elizabeth's death. The masque as a performance grew out of medieval plays, but it was more spectacle than drama proper. The content was suitable for amateur actors rather than professional performers. The masques tended to use long speeches and little action. They combined poetic drama, singing, dancing, music, and splendid costumes and settings. The imagery was influential on later poets and poems, such as Andrew Marvell, who makes use of masque-imagery in "Upon Appleton House." (L. K Wheeler, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#masque
Tag: genre:masque
dcterms:references: http://web.cn.edu/kwheeler/lit_terms_m.html
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026428
rdf:type: genre:DramaticGenre genre:PerformanceMedium

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opera

"Dramatic musical performances in which most roles are sung with instrumental accompanyment, usually including arias, recitives, and choruses. Typically, they are intended to be staged with costumes, sets, and dramatic movement." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#opera
Tag: genre:opera
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Opera http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026976
rdf:type: genre:OperaGenre genre:PerformanceMedium

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passion play

"The Passion Play or Easter pageant is a dramatic presentation depicting the Passion of Jesus Christ: his trial, suffering and death. It is a traditional part of Lent in several Christian denominations, particularly in Catholic tradition." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#passionPlay
Tag: genre:passionPlay
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026472
rdf:type: genre:PerformanceMedium genre:ReligiousGenre

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performance

A capacious and contested category of time-based and usually embodied human expression through actions or processes that may occur in institutionalized locations, more informal cultural contexts, and broader social situations, as in the performance of social identities. Most often applied to literary, artistic, musical, theatrical, or other creative work, or the representation or record of such work. Within the Records of Early English Drama project, "Performance has been broadly defined to encompass nearly every mimetic, musical, or ritualistic form of play used to entertain or otherwise engage an audience." REED Online, 2018)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#performance
Tag: genre:performance
rdf:type: genre:PerformanceMedium genre:ThematicGenre
skos:closeMatch: http://vocab.getty.edu/page/aat/300054146

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physical theatre

"Physical theater is a genre of theatrical performance that pursues storytelling through primarily physical means. Several performance traditions all describe themselves as "physical theater", but the unifying aspect is a reliance on physical motion of the performers rather than or combined with text to convey the story. In a basic sense, you talk through hand gestures, body language, thought track and many more physical features." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#physicalTheatre
Tag: genre:physicalTheatre
rdf:type: genre:PerformanceMedium

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puppetry

"Puppetry is a form of theatre or performance that involves the manipulation of puppets—inanimate objects, often resembling some type of human or animal figure, that are animated or manipulated by a human called a puppeteer. Such a performance is also known as a puppet play. The puppeteer uses movements of her hands, arms, or control devices such as rods or strings to move the body, head, limbs, and in some cases the mouth and eyes of the puppet. The puppeteer often speaks in the voice of the character of the puppet, and then synchronizes the movements of the puppet's mouth with this spoken part. The actions, gestures and spoken parts acted out by the puppets are typically used in storytelling. There are many different varieties of puppets, and they are made of a wide range of materials, depending on their form and intended use. They can be extremely complex or very simple in their construction. The simplest puppets are finger puppets, which are tiny puppets that fit onto a single finger, and sock puppets, which are formed from a sock and operated by inserting one's hand inside the sock, with the opening and closing of the hand simulating the movement of the puppet's "mouth". A hand puppet is controlled by one hand which occupies the interior of the puppet and moves the puppet around (Punch and Judy puppets are familiar examples of hand puppets). A "live-hand puppet" is similar to a hand puppet but is larger and requires two puppeteer for each puppet. Marionettes are suspended and controlled by a number of strings, plus sometimes a central rod attached to a control bar held from above by the puppeteer. Puppetry is a very ancient form of theatre which was first recorded in the 5th century BC in Ancient Greece. Some forms of puppetry may have originated as long ago as 3000 years BC. Puppetry takes many forms, but they all share the process of animating inanimate performing objects to tell a story. Puppetry is used in almost all human societies both as entertainment – in performance – and ceremonially in rituals and celebrations such as carnivals." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#puppetry
Tag: genre:puppetry
rdf:type: genre:PerformanceMedium
skos:related: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300248147

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sermon

"A sermon is an oration, lecture, or talk by a member of a religious institution or clergy. Sermons address a Biblical, theological, religious, or moral topic, usually expounding on a type of belief, law or behavior within both past and present contexts. Elements of the sermon often include exposition, exhortation and practical application. In Christianity, a sermon (also known as a homily within some churches) is usually delivered in a place of worship from an elevated architectural feature, variously known as a pulpit, a lectern, or an ambo. The word "sermon" comes from a Middle English word which was derived from Old French, which in turn came from the Latin word sermō meaning "discourse". The word can mean "conversation", which could mean that early sermons were delivered in the form of question and answer, and that only later did it come to mean a monologue. However, the Bible contains many speeches without interlocution, which some take to be sermons: Moses in Deuteronomy 1-33 ; Jesus' sermon on the mount in Matthew 5-7 (though the gospel writers do not specifically call it a sermon; the popular descriptor for Christ's speech there came much later); Peter after Pentecost in Acts 2:14-40 (though this speech was delivered to nonbelievers and as such is not quite parallel to the popular definition of a sermon). In modern language, the word "sermon" is used in secular terms, pejoratively, to describe a lengthy or tedious speech delivered with great passion, by any person, to an uninterested audience. A sermonette is a short sermon (usually associated with television broadcasting, as stations would present a sermonette before signing off for the night)." (DBpedia, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#sermon
Tag: genre:sermon
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Sermon http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2015026051
rdf:type: genre:PerformanceMedium genre:ReligiousGenre

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speech

"Documents containing the text of any public address or talk" (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#speech
Tag: genre:speech
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2011026363 http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300026671
rdf:type: genre:PerformanceMedium

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theatre for young audiences
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#theatreForYoungAudiences
Tag: genre:theatreForYoungAudiences
rdf:type: genre:PerformanceMedium

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feminist theory

"Feminist theory is the extension of feminism into theoretical, fictional, or philosophical discourse. It aims to understand the nature of gender inequality. It examines women's and men's social roles, experience, interests, chores, and feminist politics in a variety of fields, such as anthropology and sociology, communication, psychoanalysis, home economics, literature, education, and philosophy." (DBpedia, 2017)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#feministTheory
Tag: genre:feministTheory
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Feminist_theory https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feminist_theory
rdf:type: genre:FeministGenre genre:PhilosophicalGenre genre:ScholarlyGenre

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philosophical

Writing engaging in philosophical questions, that may or may not be considered philosophy per se.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#philosophical
Tag: genre:philosophical
rdf:type: genre:PhilosophicalGenre

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philosophy

"(Greek, "Love of wisdom"): The methodical and systematic exploration of what we know, how we know it, and why it is important that we know it. Too frequently, students use the term somewhat nebulously. They often mistakenly state, "My philosophy about X is . . ." when they really mean, "My opinion about X is . . ." or "My attitude toward X is . . ." Traditional areas of Western philosophic inquiry include the following areas." (L. K Wheeler, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#philosophy
Tag: genre:philosophy
dcterms:references: http://web.cn.edu/kwheeler/lit_terms_p.html
rdf:type: genre:PhilosophicalGenre

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acrostic

"Short poems or prose compositions in which text is arranged so that the first letters of each line form a word, phrase, or motto." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#acrostic
Tag: genre:acrostic
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026214 http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300256198
rdf:type: genre:PoeticGenre

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anacreontic

"Anacreontics are verses in a meter used by the Greek poet Anacreon in his poems dealing with love and wine. His later Greek imitators (whose surviving poems are known as the Anacreontea) took up the same themes and used the Anacreontic meter. In modern poetry, Anacreontics are short lyrical pieces that keep the Anacreontic subject matter but not the meter." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#anacreontic
Tag: genre:anacreontic
rdf:type: genre:PoeticGenre

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anagram

"Anagrammatic poetry is poetry with the constrained form that either each line or each verse is an anagram of all other lines or verses in the poem. A poet that specializes in anagrams is an anagrammarian. Writing anagrammatic poetry is a form of a constrained writing similar to writing pangrams or long alliterations." (DBpedia, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#anagram
Tag: genre:anagram
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026043 http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300202515
rdf:type: genre:PoeticGenre

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apology

"A text in which a writer defends the possibly controversial opinions contained in his or her writing." (Oxford, 2015)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Oxford Dictionary of Literary Terms, 4th ed.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#apology
Tag: genre:apology
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Apologia
rdf:type: genre:PoeticGenre

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ballad

A ballad /ˈbæləd/ is a form of verse, often a narrative set to music. Ballads derive from the medieval French chanson balladée or ballade, which were originally "dancing songs". Ballads were particularly characteristic of the popular poetry and song of the British Isles from the later medieval period until the 19th century and used extensively across Europe and later the Americas, Australia and North Africa. (DBpedia, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#ballad
Tag: genre:ballad
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026648
rdf:type: genre:PoeticGenre
skos:closeMatch: dbpedia:Ballad

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ballade

"A ballade (from French ballade, [baˈlad], and German Ballade, [baˈlaːdə], both being words for "ballad"), in classical music since the late 18th century, refers to a setting of a literary ballad, a narrative poem, in the musical tradition of the Lied, or to a one-movement instrumental piece with lyrical and dramatic narrative qualities reminiscent of such a song setting, especially a piano ballad." (DBpedia, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#ballade
Tag: genre:ballade
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Ballad
rdf:type: genre:MusicalGenre genre:PoeticGenre

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bouts-rimés

"The result of a game popularized in 17th-century France in which a poet must write a logical poem using a list of random rhyming words written by someone else." (Oxford, 2015)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Oxford Dictionary of Literary Terms, 4th ed.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#boutsRimes
Tag: genre:boutsRimes
dcterms:references: http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780199208272.001.0001/acref-9780199208272-e-142?rskey=3RXM0b%26result=141
rdf:type: genre:PoeticGenre

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clerihew

"A clerihew is a whimsical, four-line biographical poem invented by Edmund Clerihew Bentley. The first line is the name of the poem's subject, usually a famous person put in an absurd light. The rhyme scheme is AABB, and the rhymes are often forced. The line length and metre are irregular. Bentley invented the clerihew in school and then popularized it in books." (DBpedia, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#clerihew
Tag: genre:clerihew
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Clerihew http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026261
rdf:type: genre:PoeticGenre

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dramatic monologue

"Dramatic monologue, also known as a persona poem, is a type of poetry written in the form of a speech of an individual character." (DBpedia, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#dramaticMonologue
Tag: genre:dramaticMonologue
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Dramatic_monologue http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026298
rdf:type: genre:DramaticGenre genre:PoeticGenre

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dub

"Dub poetry is a form of performance poetry of West Indian origin, which evolved out of dub music consisting of spoken word over reggae rhythms in Jamaica in the 1970s.Unlike dee jaying (also known as toasting), which also features the use of the spoken word, the dub poet's performance is normally prepared, rather than the extemporized chat of the dancehall dee jay. In musical setting, the dub poet usually appears on stage with a band performing music specifically written to accompany each poem, rather than simply perform over the top of dub plates, or riddims, in the dancehall fashion. Musicality is built into dub poems, yet, dub poets generally perform without backing music, delivering chanted speech with pronounced rhythmic accentuation and dramatic stylization of gesture. Sometimes dub music effects, e.g. echo, reverb, are dubbed spontaneously by a poet into live versions of a poem. Many dub poets also employ call-and-response devices to engage audiences." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#dub
Tag: genre:dub
rdf:type: genre:PoeticGenre

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eclogue

"An eclogue is a poem in a classical style on a pastoral subject. Poems in the genre are sometimes also called bucolics." (DBpedia, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#eclogue
Tag: genre:eclogue
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Eclogue http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026476
rdf:type: genre:PoeticGenre

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elegy

"Mournful, melancholy, or plaintive poems, especially funeral songs or laments for the dead." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#elegy
Tag: genre:elegy
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Elegy http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026307
rdf:type: genre:PoeticGenre

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epic

"Meaning extended from "epic poetry," in modern usage refers to literary art forms, such as prose, poetry, plays, films, and other works where the story has a theme of grandeur and heroism." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#epic
Tag: genre:epic
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026310 http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300404209
rdf:type: genre:PoeticGenre

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epigram

"Refers to short satiric poems or any similar pointed sayings." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#epigram
Tag: genre:epigram
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Epigram http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026312
rdf:type: genre:PoeticGenre

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epithalamium

"An epithalamiumLatin form of Greek (ἐπιθαλάμιον epithalamion from ἐπί epi "upon," and θάλαμος thalamos nuptial chamber) is a poem written specifically for the bride on the way to her marital chamber. This form continued in popularity through the history of the classical world; the Roman poet Catullus wrote a famous epithalamium, which was translated from or at least inspired by a now-lost work of Sappho. According to Origen, Song of Songs, might be an epithalamium on the marriage of Solomon with Pharaoh’s daughter." (DBpedia, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#epithalamium
Tag: genre:epithalamium
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Epithalamium http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026317
rdf:type: genre:PoeticGenre

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epyllion

"Brief narrative poems in dactylic hexameter of ancient Greece, imitated by Romans and others. Usually dealing with mythological and romantic themes. They are characterized by lively description, miniaturistic attitude, scholarly allusion, and an elevated tone similar to that of the elegy." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#epyllion
Tag: genre:epyllion
owl:sameAs: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300410360
rdf:type: genre:PoeticGenre

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fabliau

"A humorous, frequently ribald or "dirty" narrative popular with French poets, who traditionally wrote the story in octosyllabic couplets. The tales frequently revolve around trickery, practical jokes, sexual mishaps, scatology, mistaken identity, and bodily humor. Chaucer included several fabliaux in The Canterbury Tales, including the stories of the Shipman, the Friar, the Miller, the Reeve, and the Cook. Examples from French literature include Les Quatre Souhais Saint Martin, Audigier, and Beranger au Long Cul (Beranger of the Long Ass)." (L. K Wheeler, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#fabliau
Tag: genre:fabliau
dcterms:references: http://web.cn.edu/kwheeler/lit_terms_f.html
rdf:type: genre:PoeticGenre

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free verse
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#freeVerse
Tag: genre:freeVerse
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026348
rdf:type: genre:PoeticGenre

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georgic

"Poetry about rural life that gives practical advice on the subject of agriculture. Unlike pastoral poetry, it does not portray the countryside as an idyllic escape, but rather focuses on the necessity of outdoor labour." (Oxford, 2015)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Oxford Dictionary of Literary Terms, 4th ed.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#georgic
Tag: genre:georgic
dcterms:references: http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780199208272.001.0001/acref-9780199208272-e-496?rskey=qEr6Vu%26result=491
rdf:type: genre:PoeticGenre

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graveyard poetry

"An 18th-century poetic form dealing with the subjects of death and immortality. The name originates from the setting typical of these poems: the graveyard." (Oxford, 2015)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Oxford Dictionary of Literary Terms, 4th ed.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#graveyardPoetry
Tag: genre:graveyardPoetry
dcterms:references: http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780199208272.001.0001/acref-9780199208272-e-511?rskey=ejri5r%26result=511
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026364
rdf:type: genre:PoeticGenre

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haiku

"(plural: haiku, from archaic Japanese): The term haiku is a fairly late addition to Japanese poetry. The poet Shiki coined the term in the nineteenth century from a longer, more traditional phrase, haikai renga no hokku ("the introductory lines of light linked verse"). To understand the haiku's history as a genre, peruse the vocabulary entries for its predecessors, the hokku and the haikai renga or renku. The haiku follows several conventions: Many Japanese poets have used the form, the two acknowledged masters being Bashó (a nom de plume for Matsuo Munefusa, 1644-94); and Kobayashi Issa (a nom de plume for Kobayashi Nobuyuki). The Imagist Movement in 20th century English literature has been profoundly influenced by haiku. The list of poets who attempted the haiku or admired the genre includes Ezra Pound, Amy Lowell, Robert Frost, Conrad Aiken, and W. B. Yeats. Contrast haiku with the tanka and the senryu. See also hokku, below, and haikai, above. See also kigo and imagism. You can click here to download a PDF handout summarizing this discussion of haiku, or you can click here to download PDF samples of haiku." (L. K Wheeler, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#haiku
Tag: genre:haiku
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Haiku http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026366
rdf:type: genre:PoeticGenre

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heroic

"Form of poetry comprising long narratives celebrating on a grand scale the adventures and deeds of one or more heroic figures, ordinarily concerning a serious subject significant to a culture or nation. Classical epic poetry employs dactylic hexameter and recounts a journey." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#heroic
Tag: genre:heroic
owl:sameAs: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300404208
rdf:type: genre:PoeticGenre
skos:related: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026310

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hymn

"A religious song consisting of one or more repeating rhythmical stanzas. In classical Roman literature, hymns to Minerva and Jupiter survive. The Greek poet Sappho wrote a number of hymns to Aphrodite. More recently a vast number of hymns appear in Catholic and Protestant religious lyrics. A particularly vibrant tradition of hymn-writing comes from the South's African-American population during the nineteenth century. In the realm of fiction, C.S. Lewis creates hymns for the Solid Ones in The Great Divorce, and Tolkien creates Elvish hymns such as "O Elbereth" in The Lord of the Rings, typically with quatrain structure alternating with couplet stanzas. In the example of "O Elbereth," the hymn honors one of the Maiar spirits. See also paean." (L. K Wheeler, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to Dr. L. Kip Wheeler of Carson-Newman University.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#hymn
Tag: genre:hymn
dcterms:references: http://web.cn.edu/kwheeler/lit_terms_h.html
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026872
rdf:type: genre:MusicalGenre genre:PoeticGenre genre:ReligiousGenre

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lais

"A laisse is a type of stanza, of varying length, found in medieval French literature, specifically medieval French epic poetry (the chanson de geste), such as The Song of Roland. In early works, each laisse was made up of (mono) assonanced verses, although the appearance of (mono) rhymed laisses was increasingly common in later poems. Within a poem, the length of each separate laisse is variable (whereas the metric length of the verses is invariable, each verse having the same syllable length, typically decasyllables or, occasionally, alexandrines. The laisse is characterized by stereotyped phrases and formulas and frequently repeated themes and motifs, including repetitions of material from one laisse to another. Such repetitions and formulaic structures are common of orality and oral-formulaic composition. When medieval poets repeated content (with different wording or assonance/rhyme) from one laisse to another, such "similar" laisses are called laisses similaires in French." (DBpedia, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#lais
Tag: genre:lais
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Lai http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026404
rdf:type: genre:PoeticGenre

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long poem

"The long poem is a literary genre including all poetry of considerable length. Though the definition of a long poem is vague and broad, the genre includes some of the most important poetry ever written. The long poem traces its origins to the ancient epics, such as Homer's Iliad and Odyssey. With more than 220000 (100000 shloka or couplets) verses and about 1.8 million words in total, the Mahābhārata is the longest epic poem in the world. It is roughly ten times the size of the Iliad and Odyssey combined, roughly five times longer than Dante's Divine Comedy, and about four times the size of the Ramayana. In English, Beowulf and Chaucer's Troilus and Criseyde are among the first important long poems. The long poem thrived and gained new vitality in the hands of experimental Modernists in the early 1900s and has continued to evolve through the 21st century. The long poem has evolved into an umbrella term, encompassing many subgenres, including epic, verse novel, verse narrative, lyric sequence, lyric series, and collage/montage. In contemporary poetry, the long poem has become a space for the emergent voices of historically under-represented writers including women, post-colonial subjects, the gay and lesbian community, and racially/ethnically oppressed persons, who seek the definitive communal voice connoted by early long poems." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#longPoem
Tag: genre:longPoem
rdf:type: genre:PoeticGenre

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lyric

"Lyric Essay is a subgenre of essay writing, which combines qualities of poetry, essay, memoir, and research writing. The lyric essay is considered high art, and often requires work and association on behalf of the reader. Proponents of the lyric essay classification insist it differs from prose poetry in its reliance on association rather than line breaks and juxtaposition." (DBpedia, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from Encyclopaedia Universalis.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#lyric
Tag: genre:lyric
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026422 http://www.universalis.fr/encyclopedie/lyrisme/
rdf:type: genre:PoeticGenre

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narrative poetry

"Narrative poetry is a form of poetry that tells a story, often making use of the voices of a narrator and characters as well; the entire story is usually written in metred verse. Narrative poems do not have to follow rhythmic patterns. The poems that make up this genre may be short or long, and the story it relates to may be complex. It is usually well it normally dramatic, with objectives, diverse characters, and metre. Narrative poems include epics, ballads, idylls, and lays. Some narrative poetry takes the form of a novel in verse. An example of this is The Ring and the Book by Robert Browning. In terms of narrative poetry, a romance is a narrative poem that tells a story of chivalry. Examples include the Romance of the Rose or Tennyson's Idylls of the King. Although these examples use medieval and Arthurian materials, romances may also tell stories from classical mythology. Shorter narrative poems are often similar in style to the short story. Sometimes these short narratives are collected into interrelated groups, as with Chaucer's The Canterbury Tales. Some literatures contain prose naose narratives, and the Old Norse sagas include both incidental poetry and the biographies of poets. An example is "The Cremation of Sam McGee" by Robert Service." (DBpedia, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#narrativePoetry
Tag: genre:narrativePoetry
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Narrative_poetry http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026448
rdf:type: genre:PoeticGenre

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nursery rhyme

"Tales in rhymed verse for children." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#nurseryRhyme
Tag: genre:nurseryRhyme
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026459 http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300202593
rdf:type: genre:ChildrensLiteratureGenre genre:PoeticGenre

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occasional poetry

Occasional poetry is poetry composed for a particular occasion. In the history of literature, it is often studied in connection with orality, performance, and patronage. (DBpedia, 2019)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#occasionalPoetry
Tag: genre:occasionalPoetry
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026460
rdf:type: genre:PoeticGenre
skos:closeMatch: dbpedia:Occasional_poetry

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ode

"Lyric poems of exalted emotion devoted to the praise or celebration of its subject; often employing complex or irregular metrical form." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#ode
Tag: genre:ode
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026461 http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300253045
rdf:type: genre:PoeticGenre

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performance poetry

"Performance poetry is poetry that is specifically composed for or during a performance before an audience. During the 1980s, the term came into popular usage to describe poetry written or composed for performance rather than print distribution." (DBpedia, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#performancePoetry
Tag: genre:performancePoetry
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Performance_poetry http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026552
rdf:type: genre:PoeticGenre

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pindaric

"Pindarics (alternatively Pindariques or Pindaricks) was a term for a class of loose and irregular odes greatly in fashion in England during the close of the 17th and the beginning of the 18th century. Abraham Cowley, who published fifteen Pindarique Odes in 1656, was the poet most identified with the form though many others had composed irregular verses before him. The term is derived from the name of a Greek archaic poet, Pindar, but is based on a misconception since Pindar's odes were in fact very formal, obeying a triadic structure, in which the form of the first stanza (strophe) was repeated in the second stanza (antistrophe), followed by a third stanza (epode) that introduced variations but whose form was repeated by other epodes in subsequent triads." (DBpedia, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#pindaric
Tag: genre:pindaric
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Pindarics
rdf:type: genre:PoeticGenre

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poetic drama

"Verse drama is any drama written as verse to be spoken; another possible general term is poetic drama. For a very long period, verse drama was the dominant form of drama in Europe (and was also important in non-European cultures). Greek tragedy and Racine's plays are written in verse, as is almost all of Shakespeare's drama, Ben Jonson, John Fletcher and others like Goethe's Faust. Verse drama is particularly associated with the seriousness of tragedy, providing an artistic reason to write in this form, as well as the practical one that verse lines are easier for the actors to memorize exactly. In the second half of the twentieth century verse drama fell almost completely out of fashion with dramatists writing in English (the plays of Christopher Fry and T. S. Eliot being possibly the end of a long tradition)." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#poeticDrama
Tag: genre:poeticDrama
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026585
rdf:type: genre:PoeticGenre

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poetry

"Poetry is a form of literature that uses aesthetic and rhythmic qualities of language—such as phonaesthetics, sound symbolism, and metre—to evoke meanings in addition to, or in place of, the prosaic ostensible meaning." (DBpedia, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#poetry
Tag: genre:poetry
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Poetry http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026481
rdf:type: genre:PoeticGenre

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prose poem

"Prose poetry is poetry written in prose instead of using verse but preserving poetic qualities such as heightened imagery, parataxis and emotional effects." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#prosePoem
Tag: genre:prosePoem
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026488
rdf:type: genre:PoeticGenre

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psalm

"Sacred songs that may be sung or recited in religious worship, particularly those contained in the Book of Psalms in the Old Testament and Hebrew Scriptures." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Dictionnaire Vivant de la Langue Française.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#psalm
Tag: genre:psalm
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2015026079 http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300400527
rdf:type: genre:PoeticGenre genre:ReligiousGenre genre:SongGenre

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rural idyll

"An idyll or idyl (/ˈaɪdəl/ or /ˈɪdəl/; from Greek εἰδύλλιον, eidullion, "short poem") is a short poem, descriptive of rustic life, written in the style of Theocritus' short pastoral poems, the Idylls. Unlike Homer, Theocritus did not engage in heroes and warfare. His idylls are limited to a small intimate world, and describe scenes from everyday life. Later imitators include the Roman poets Virgil and Catullus, Italian poets Torquato Tasso, Sannazaro and Leopardi, the English poet Alfred, Lord Tennyson (Idylls of the King), and Nietzsche's Idylls from Messina. Goethe called his poem Hermann and Dorothea—which Schiller considered the very climax in Goethe's production—an idyll." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#ruralIdyll
Tag: genre:ruralIdyll
rdf:type: genre:PoeticGenre genre:ThematicGenre

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song

"A lyric poem with a number of repeating stanzas (called refrains), written to be set to music in either vocal performance or with accompaniment of musical instruments." (L. K Wheeler, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to Dr. L. Kip Wheeler of Carson-Newman University.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#song
Tag: genre:song
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Song http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014027103
rdf:type: genre:PoeticGenre genre:SongGenre

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sonnet

"Poems consisting of 14 decasyllabic lines, often in a rhyming scheme. The sonnet form is considered to be of Italian origin, appearing in the 13th century in Sicily, after which it spread to Tuscany, where Petrarch perfected the form with his Canzioniere, a series of 317 sonnets to his idealized love, Laura. The Petrarchian sonnet has historically been the most widely used of the form, although the Elizabethan form (3 quatrains, with a final rhyming couplet) is also common." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#sonnet
Tag: genre:sonnet
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026549 http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300266382
rdf:type: genre:PoeticGenre

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topographical poetry

"Topographical poetry or loco-descriptive poetry is a genre of poetry that describes, and often praises, a landscape or place. John Denham's 1642 poem "Cooper's Hill" established the genre, which peaked in popularity in 18th-century England. Examples of topographical verse date, however, to the late classical period, and can be found throughout the medieval era and during the Renaissance. Though the earliest examples come mostly from continental Europe, the topographical poetry in the tradition originating with Denham concerns itself with the classics, and many of the various types of topographical verse, such as river, ruin, or hilltop poems were established by the early 17th century. Alexander Pope's "Windsor Forest" (1713) and John Dyer's "Grongar Hill' (1762) are two other oft-mentioned examples. More recently, Matthew Arnold's "The Scholar Gipsy" (1853) praises the Oxfordshire countryside, and W. H. Auden's "In Praise of Limestone" (1948) uses a limestone landscape as an allegory. Subgenres of topographical poetry include the country house poem, written in 17th-century England to compliment a wealthy patron, and the prospect poem, describing the view from a distance or a temporal view into the future, with the sense of opportunity or expectation. When understood broadly as landscape poetry and when assessed from its establishment to the present, topographical poetry can take on many formal situations and types of places. Kenneth Baker identifies 37 varieties and compiles poems from the 16th through the 20th centuries—from Edmund Spenser to Sylvia Plath—correspondent to each type, from "Walks and Surveys," to "Mountains, Hills, and the View from Above," to "Violation of Nature and the Landscape," to "Spirits and Ghosts." Common aesthetic registers of which topographical poetry make use include pastoral imagery, the sublime, and the picturesque. These latter two registers subsume imagery of rivers, ruins, moonlight, birdsong, and clouds, peasants, mountains, caves, and waterscapes." (DBpedia, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from data.bnf.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#topographicalPoetry
Tag: genre:topographicalPoetry
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Topographical_poetry http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2018026132
rdf:type: genre:PoeticGenre

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verse novel

"A verse novel is a type of narrative poetry in which a novel-length narrative is told through the medium of poetry rather than prose. Either simple or complex stanzaic verse-forms may be used, but there will usually be a large cast, multiple voices, dialogue, narration, description, and action in a novelistic manner." (DBpedia, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#verseNovel
Tag: genre:verseNovel
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Verse_novel http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026457
rdf:type: genre:NovelisticGenre genre:PoeticGenre

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verse poem

"In the uncountable (mass noun) sense verse refers to "poetry" as contrasted to prose. Where the common unit of verse is based on meter or rhyme, , ."" (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#versePoem
Tag: genre:versePoem
rdf:type: genre:PoeticGenre

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villanelle

"A versatile genre of poetry consisting of nineteen lines--five tercets and a concluding quatrain. The form requires that whole lines be repeated in a specific order, and that only two rhyming sounds occur in the course of the poem. A number of English poets, including Oscar Wilde, W. E. Henley, and W. H. Auden have experimented with it. Here is an example of an opening stanza to one poem by W. E. Henley: Probably the most famous English villanelle is Dylan Thomas's "Do Not Go Gentle Into That Good Night." (L. K Wheeler, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to Dr. L. Kip Wheeler of Carson-Newman University.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#villanelle
Tag: genre:villanelle
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Villanelle http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026587
rdf:type: genre:PoeticGenre

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agitprop

"Derived from agitation propaganda, meaning intended to inspire political action. With reference to visual art, refers to the specific art movement arising in Soviet Russia following the Bolshevik revolution." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#agitprop
Tag: genre:agitprop
owl:sameAs: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300055540
rdf:type: genre:DramaticGenre genre:PoliticalGenre

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anthem

"A song in which the lyrics promote pride in and allegiance to the identity and values of a particular group, such as a nation, sports team, or social cause." (Oxford, 2015)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Oxford Dictionary of Literary Terms, 4th ed.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#anthem
Tag: genre:anthem
dcterms:references: http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780199208272.001.0001/acref-9780199208272-e-61?rskey=9jlyTO%26result=61
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026635
rdf:type: genre:PoliticalGenre genre:SongGenre genre:ThematicGenre

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condition of england novel

A form of narrative fiction, named for a phrase from Thomas Carlyle's “Chartism” (1839), that addresses Victorian social and political issues with a focus on political unrest and class conflict, and typically seeks to instill empathy for the poor and understanding of social iniquities and injustices. Closely related to the industrial novel because of its interest in the impact of the industrial revolution.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#conditionOfEnglandNovel
Tag: genre:conditionOfEnglandNovel
rdf:type: genre:FictionalGenre genre:NovelisticGenre genre:PoliticalGenre

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diasporic

[skos:altLabel: diaspora ]

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#diasporic
Tag: genre:diasporic
rdf:type: genre:PoliticalGenre genre:ThematicGenre

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feminist

"Writing concerned with the unique experience of being a woman or alternatively writing designed to challenge existing preconceptions of gender. Examples of feminist writings include Christine de Pisan's medieval work, The City of Ladies; Aemilia Lanyer's Renaissance treatise, Salve Deus, Rex Judaeorum (which presented the then-shocking idea that Adam was just as much to blame for the fall of man as Eve was in the Genesis account); Mary Wollstonecraft's Vindication, and Susan B. Anthony's nineteenth-century essays (which presented the equally shocking idea that women in America and Canada should have the right to vote). Many female students in my class preface their discussions of feminist writings by stating, "I'm not a feminist, but ..." This tendency always puzzled me, since it implies that feminism is something negative, radical, or always liberal. Worse yet, it implies that it's bad for women to want crazy, misguided things like education, equal health insurance, similar pay to what men earn in similar professions, freedom from harassment, and funding for medical problems concerning women, such as breast and uterine cancer research, which are the primary concerns of feminism. Somewhere toward the end of the twentieth-century, detractors of such writers have caricatured these demands as "man-hating" or "anti-family." As an antidote to such thinking, keep in mind the broader definition: a feminist is anyone who thinks that women are people too." (L. K Wheeler, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to Dr. L. Kip Wheeler of Carson-Newman University.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#feminist
Tag: genre:feminist
dcterms:references: http://web.cn.edu/kwheeler/lit_terms_f.html
rdf:type: genre:FeministGenre genre:PoliticalGenre genre:ThematicGenre

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industrial novel

"A novel that exposes the living or working conditions of the 19th century-working class as a result of the industrial revolution. The shocking circumstances—extreme poverty, deplorable factory conditions, widespread disease, over-crowded housing, etc.—are typically described in great detail. Solutions are often proposed, but the main goal of an industrial novel is to make the plight of the lower class known to the middle and upper classes in order to promote social change." (Penguin, 1999)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Penguin Dictionary of Literary Terms & Literary Theory, 4th ed.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#industrialNovel
Tag: genre:industrialNovel
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Industrial_novel
rdf:type: genre:NovelisticGenre genre:PoliticalGenre genre:ThematicGenre
skos:related: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2017026040

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manifesto

"Formal written declarations, promulgated by a sovereign or by the executive authority of a state or nation, such as to proclaim its reasons and motives for declaring a war, or other international action; also public declarations or proclamations of political, social, artistic, or other principles." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#manifesto
Tag: genre:manifesto
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Manifesto http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2017027243
rdf:type: genre:PoliticalGenre

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migration

[skos:altLabel: immigration writing ]

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#migration
Tag: genre:migration
rdf:type: genre:PoliticalGenre genre:ThematicGenre

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nationalist
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#nationalist
Tag: genre:nationalist
rdf:type: genre:PoliticalGenre genre:ThematicGenre
skos:related: dbpedia:Nationalism

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petition

"Includes any written requests and lists of signatures submitted to an authority to appeal for the performance of specific action." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#petition
Tag: genre:petition
owl:sameAs: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300027219
rdf:type: genre:PoliticalGenre
skos:related: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2011026358

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political Statement
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#politicalStatement
Tag: genre:politicalStatement
rdf:type: genre:PoliticalGenre

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political writing

Writing on the subject of politics, often persuasive in tone and written in favour of a particular political party or cause.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#politicalWriting
Tag: genre:politicalWriting
rdf:type: genre:PoliticalGenre

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proletarian writing

Writing by members of the working-classes or poor, including that by those who consider themselves members of the proletariat, and sometimes also writing produced to raise awareness of poor economic or labour conditions. (DBpedia, 2019)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#proletarianWriting
Tag: genre:proletarianWriting
rdf:type: genre:PoliticalGenre
skos:closeMatch: dbpedia:Proletarian_literature

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propaganda

"Ideas, facts, or allegations spread deliberately to support one cause or individual or to damage another." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#propaganda
Tag: genre:propaganda
owl:sameAs: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300055539
rdf:type: genre:PoliticalGenre

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social reform
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#socialReform
Tag: genre:socialReform
rdf:type: genre:PoliticalGenre

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suffragist

"Suffrage, political franchise, or simply franchise is the right to vote in public, political elections (although the term is sometimes used for any right to vote). The right to run for office is sometimes called candidate eligibility, and the combination of both rights is sometimes called full suffrage. In many languages, the right to vote is called the active right to vote and the right to run for office is called the passive right to vote. In English, these are sometimes called active suffrage and passive suffrage. Suffrage is often conceived in terms of elections for representatives. However, suffrage applies equally to referenda and initiatives. Suffrage describes not only the legal right to vote, but also the practical question of whether a question will be put to a vote. The utility of suffrage is reduced when important questions are decided unilaterally by elected or non-elected representatives. In most democracies, eligible voters can vote in elections of representatives. Voting on issues by referendum may also be available. For example, in Switzerland this is permitted at all levels of government. In the United States, some states such as California and Washington have exercised their shared sovereignty to offer citizens the opportunity to write, propose, and vote on referendums and initiatives; other states have not. The United States federal government does not offer any initiatives at all. Suffrage is granted to qualifying citizens once they have reached the voting age. What constitutes a qualifying citizen depends on the government's decision, but most democracies no longer extend differing rights to vote on the basis of sex or race. Resident non-citizens can vote in some countries, which may be restricted to citizens of closely linked countries (e.g., Commonwealth citizens and European Union citizens)." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#suffragist
Tag: genre:suffragist
rdf:type: genre:PoliticalGenre

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temperance

"The temperance movement is a social movement against the consumption of alcoholic beverages. Temperance movements typically criticize excessive alcohol consumption, promote complete abstinence (teetotalism), or use its political influence to press the government to enact alcohol laws to regulate the availability of alcohol or even its complete prohibition." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#temperance
Tag: genre:temperance
rdf:type: genre:PoliticalGenre genre:ThematicGenre

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tract pamphlet

"Writing printed on a single sheet of paper or in a small booklet, designed to be distributed to the public. The subject matter is typically religious or political, and aims to persuade the reader of a certain point of view." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#tractPamphlet
Tag: genre:tractPamphlet
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2015026053 http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300027211
rdf:type: genre:PoliticalGenre genre:ReligiousGenre

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war

A themtic genre concerning engagement with war in a range of forms and media and from a range of perspectives, including both front-line experiences, the lives of those imprisoned by war, experiences of living and working at a remove from battle. Includes historical and documentary approaches.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#war
Tag: genre:war
rdf:type: genre:PoliticalGenre genre:ThematicGenre
skos:related: genre:military

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broadside

"Large sheets of paper with a poem or song, especially a ballad, printed on only one side." (Oxford, 2015)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Oxford Dictionary of Literary Terms, 4th ed.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#broadside
Tag: genre:broadside
dcterms:references: http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780199208272.001.0001/acref-9780199208272-e-149?rskey=LdAUjx%26result=141
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026152
rdf:type: genre:PrintMedium

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chapbook

"Small books or pamphlets, usually cheaply printed and containing such texts as popular tales, treatises, ballads, or nursery rhymes, formerly peddled by chapmen." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#chapbook
Tag: genre:chapbook
owl:sameAs: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300152367
rdf:type: genre:PrintMedium
skos:related: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300152367

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microform

"Microforms are any forms, either films or paper, containing microreproductions of documents for transmission, storage, reading, and printing. Microform images are commonly reduced to about one twenty-fifth of the original document size. For special purposes, greater optical reductions may be used. All microform images may be provided as positives or negatives, more often the latter. Three formats are common: microfilm (reels), aperture cards and microfiche (flat sheets). Microcards, a format no longer produced, were similar to microfiche, but printed on cardboard rather than photographic film." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#microform
Tag: genre:microform
rdf:type: genre:PrintMedium
skos:related: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300028589

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mimeograph

"The stencil duplicator or mimeograph machine (often abbreviated to mimeo) is a low-cost duplicating machine that works by forcing ink through a stencil onto paper. The mimeograph process should not be confused with the spirit duplicator process. Mimeographs, along with spirit duplicators and hectographs, were a common technology in printing small quantities, as in office work, classroom materials, and church bulletins. Early fanzines were printed with this technology, because it was widespread and cheap. In the late 1960s, mimeographs, spirit duplicators, and hectographs began to be gradually displaced by photocopying." (DBpedia, 2019)

[skos:altLabel: stencil ]

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#mimeograph
Tag: genre:mimeograph
rdf:type: genre:PrintMedium
skos:related: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300028490

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offprint

An offprint is a separate printing of a work that originally appeared as part of a larger publication, usually one of composite authorship such as an academic journal, magazine, or edited book. (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#offprint
Tag: genre:offprint
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/marcgt/off.html
rdf:type: genre:PrintMedium
skos:closeMatch: dbpedia:Offprint

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pamphlet

"A pamphlet is an unbound booklet (that is, without a hard cover or binding). It may consist of a single sheet of paper that is printed on both sides and folded in half, in thirds, or in fourths, called a leaflet, or it may consist of a few pages that are folded in half and saddle stapled at the crease to make a simple book. For the "International Standardization of Statistics Relating to Book Production and Periodicals" UNESCO defines a pamphlet as " a non-periodical printed publication of at least 5 but not more than 48 pages, exclusive of the cover pages, published in a particular country and made available to the public" and a book as "a non-periodical printed publication of at least 49 pages, exclusive of the cover pages". The UNESCO definitions are, however, only meant to be used for the particular purpose of drawing up their book production statistics." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#pamphlet
Tag: genre:pamphlet
rdf:type: genre:PrintMedium
skos:related: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300220572

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aphorism

"Short, pithy statements of principle or precepts, often of known authorship; distinguished from "proverbs" which are statements repeated colloquially and which often embody the folk wisdom of a group or nation." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#aphorism
Tag: genre:aphorism
owl:sameAs: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300253001
rdf:type: genre:ProverbForm

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proverb

"A proverb (from Latin: proverbium) is a simple and concrete saying, popularly known and repeated, that expresses a truth based on common sense or experience. They are often metaphorical. A proverb that describes a basic rule of conduct may also be known as a maxim. Proverbs fall into the category of formulaic language. Proverbs are often borrowed from similar languages and cultures, and sometimes come down to the present through more than one language. Both the Bible (including, but not limited to the Book of Proverbs) and medieval Latin (aided by the work of Erasmus) have played a considerable role in distributing proverbs across Europe. Mieder has concluded that cultures that treat the Bible as their "major spiritual book contain between three hundred and five hundred proverbs that stem from the Bible." However, almost every culture has examples of its own unique proverbs." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#proverb
Tag: genre:proverb
rdf:type: genre:ProverbForm

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bibliographic record
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#bibliographicRecord
Tag: genre:bibliographicRecord
rdf:type: genre:RecordForm

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index

"An index (plural: usually indexes, more rarely indices; see below) is a list of words or phrases ('headings') and associated pointers ('locators') to where useful material relating to that heading can be found in a document or on a page. In a traditional back-of-the-book index the headings will include names of people, places and events, and concepts selected by a person as being relevant and of interest to a possible reader of the book. The pointers are typically page numbers, paragraph numbers or section numbers. In a library catalog the words are authors, titles, subject headings, etc., and the pointers are call numbers. Internet search engines, such as Google, and full text searching help provide access to information but are not as selective as an index, as they provide non-relevant links, and may miss relevant information if it is not phrased in exactly the way they expect. Perhaps the most advanced investigation of problems related to book indexes is made in the development of topic maps, which started as a way of representing the knowledge structures inherent in traditional back-of-the-book indexes." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#index
Tag: genre:index
rdf:type: genre:RecordForm

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record

"Evidence about an object or the past, regardless of medium, as preserved in a record or document. As defined by the Library of Congress, records are "Documents in any form created or received by an agency, institution, organization, or individual, accumulated in the normal conduct of business or affairs." Library of Congress, 2018) Wikipedia says, "A document is a written, drawn, presented or recorded representation of thoughts. Originating from the Latin Documentum meaning lesson - the verb doceō means to teach, and is pronounced similarly, in the past it was usually used as a term for a written proof used as evidence. In the computer age, a document is usually used to describe a primarily textual file, along with its structure and design, such as fonts, colors and additional images." (Wikipedia, 2018) Information scientist Suzanne Breit defines a document as "any concrete or symbolic indication, preserved or recorded, for reconstructing or for proving a phenomenon, whether physical or mental." (Breit, 1951; translated)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#record
Tag: genre:record
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Document http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026163
rdf:type: genre:RecordForm

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biographical dictionary

A reference text containing biographical entries on multiple people, often with a common link between them (for example, a biographical dictionary of women), and typically arranged alphabetically.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#biographicalDictionary
Tag: genre:biographicalDictionary
rdf:type: genre:ReferenceWorkGenre

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dictionary

"Reference sources containing alphabetical lists of words with information given for each word; generally including meanings, pronunciation, etymology, and often usage guidance." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#dictionary
Tag: genre:dictionary
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026086 http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300026186
rdf:type: genre:ReferenceWorkGenre

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directory

"Enumerations of names, addresses, and other data about specific groups of persons or organizations; may appear in alphabetic or graphic format." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#directory
Tag: genre:directory
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026087 http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300026234
rdf:type: genre:ReferenceWorkGenre

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encyclopaedia

"Books, set of books, or disks, containing informational articles on subjects in every field of knowledge, or limited to a special field or subject, usually arranged in alphabetical order." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#encyclopaedia
Tag: genre:encyclopaedia
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026092 http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300129439
rdf:type: genre:ReferenceWorkGenre

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manual

"Books or treatises, often compendious, containing rules or instructions needed to perform tasks, operations, processes, occupations, arts, or studies, and intended to be used as reference while the task or study is performed." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

[skos:altLabel: companion ]

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#manual
Tag: genre:manual
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026109 http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300026395
rdf:type: genre:ReferenceWorkGenre

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thesaurus

"A semantic network of unique concepts, including relationships between synonyms, broader and narrower contexts, and other related concepts. Thesauri may be monolingual or multilingual. Thesauri may have the following three relationships between terms: equivalence (synonyms), hierarchical (whole/part), and associative (various types of other relationships)." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#thesaurus
Tag: genre:thesaurus
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Thesaurus http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026195
rdf:type: genre:ReferenceWorkGenre

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biblical paraphrase

A work that rewords the text of the Bible, often to improve clarity or to make it accessible to a wider audience.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#biblicalParaphrase
Tag: genre:biblicalParaphrase
rdf:type: genre:LiteraryGenre genre:ReligiousGenre

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catechism

"A catechism (/ˈkætəˌkizəm/; from Greek: κατηχέω, to teach orally), is a summary or exposition of doctrine and served as a learning introduction to the Sacraments traditionally used in catechesis, or Christian religious teaching of children and adult converts. Catechisms are doctrinal manuals - often in the form of questions followed by answers to be memorised - a format in non-religious or secular contexts as well. The term catechumen refers to the designated recipient of the catechetical work or instruction. In the Catholic Church, catachumens were usually placed separately during Holy Mass from those who received the Sacrament of Baptism. Early catecheticals emerged from Graeco-Roman mystery religions, especially the late cult of Mithras meant to educate their members into the secretive teachings, which competed with the Christian Church as an underground religion in the 1st to 4th centuries CE and allegedly shared its many ritual practices. Today, they are characteristic of Western Christianity but are also present in Eastern Christianity." (DBpedia, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#catechism
Tag: genre:catechism
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2015026029 http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300026460
rdf:type: genre:DidacticGenre genre:ReligiousGenre

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conversion narrative
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#conversionNarrative
Tag: genre:conversionNarrative
rdf:type: genre:ReligiousGenre

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devotional

"Christian devotional literature (also called devotionals or Christian living literature) is religious writing that is neither doctrinal nor theological, but designed for individuals to read for their personal edification and spiritual formation. Theologian Karl Holl has suggested that devotional literature came into full development at the time of Pietism during the second half of the 17th century." (DBpedia, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#devotional
Tag: genre:devotional
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Christian_devotional_literature http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2015026057
rdf:type: genre:LiteraryGenre genre:ReligiousGenre

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hagiography

"Saints' lives as a branch of literature or legend." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#hagiography
Tag: genre:hagiography
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2015026032 http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300201063
rdf:type: genre:LiteraryGenre genre:ReligiousGenre

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hymn

"A religious song consisting of one or more repeating rhythmical stanzas. In classical Roman literature, hymns to Minerva and Jupiter survive. The Greek poet Sappho wrote a number of hymns to Aphrodite. More recently a vast number of hymns appear in Catholic and Protestant religious lyrics. A particularly vibrant tradition of hymn-writing comes from the South's African-American population during the nineteenth century. In the realm of fiction, C.S. Lewis creates hymns for the Solid Ones in The Great Divorce, and Tolkien creates Elvish hymns such as "O Elbereth" in The Lord of the Rings, typically with quatrain structure alternating with couplet stanzas. In the example of "O Elbereth," the hymn honors one of the Maiar spirits. See also paean." (L. K Wheeler, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to Dr. L. Kip Wheeler of Carson-Newman University.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#hymn
Tag: genre:hymn
dcterms:references: http://web.cn.edu/kwheeler/lit_terms_h.html
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026872
rdf:type: genre:MusicalGenre genre:PoeticGenre genre:ReligiousGenre

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liturgy

"Writing, typically in the form of a prayer or a song, to be used by a particular religious community for the purpose of worship." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#liturgy
Tag: genre:liturgy
owl:sameAs: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300055983
rdf:type: genre:PerformanceMedium genre:ReligiousGenre

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oratorio

"A lengthy musical composition for voice and orchestra, typically narrative and religious in nature. Unlike an opera, it is not a theatrical performance and does not include costumes or sets." (Oxford, 2015)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Oxford Dictionary of English, 3rd ed.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#oratorio
Tag: genre:oratorio
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Oratorio http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026977
rdf:type: genre:NarrativeGenre genre:ReligiousGenre genre:SongGenre

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passion play

"The Passion Play or Easter pageant is a dramatic presentation depicting the Passion of Jesus Christ: his trial, suffering and death. It is a traditional part of Lent in several Christian denominations, particularly in Catholic tradition." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#passionPlay
Tag: genre:passionPlay
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026472
rdf:type: genre:PerformanceMedium genre:ReligiousGenre

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prayer

"Reverent petitions, usually in verse or prose, to a deity or other spiritual entity." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#prayer
Tag: genre:prayer
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2015026049 http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300026452
rdf:type: genre:ReligiousGenre

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prophecy

"Prophecy involves a process in which one or more messages allegedly communicated to a prophet are then communicated to other people. Such messages typically involve] inspiration, interpretation, or revelation of events to come (compare divine knowledge). Historically, clairvoyance has been used[by whom?] as an adjunct to prophecy." (DBpedia, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#prophecy
Tag: genre:prophecy
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Prophecy http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2015026059
rdf:type: genre:ReligiousGenre

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psalm

"Sacred songs that may be sung or recited in religious worship, particularly those contained in the Book of Psalms in the Old Testament and Hebrew Scriptures." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Dictionnaire Vivant de la Langue Française.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#psalm
Tag: genre:psalm
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2015026079 http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300400527
rdf:type: genre:PoeticGenre genre:ReligiousGenre genre:SongGenre

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religious

Writing dealing with religion or spirituality.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#religious
Tag: genre:religious
rdf:type: genre:ReligiousGenre

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scripture

"Religious texts (also known as scripture, or scriptures, from the Latin scriptura, meaning "a writing" ) are the texts which various religious traditions consider to be sacred, or central to their religious tradition. Religious texts may be used to evoke a deeper connection with the divine, convey spiritual truths, promote mystical experience, foster communal identity, and to guide individual and communal spiritual practice. Many religions and spiritual movements believe that their sacred texts are divinely or supernaturally revealed or inspired. The monotheistic faiths view their texts as the "Word of God" and divine revelation." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#scripture
Tag: genre:scripture
rdf:type: genre:LiteraryGenre genre:ReligiousGenre

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sermon

"A sermon is an oration, lecture, or talk by a member of a religious institution or clergy. Sermons address a Biblical, theological, religious, or moral topic, usually expounding on a type of belief, law or behavior within both past and present contexts. Elements of the sermon often include exposition, exhortation and practical application. In Christianity, a sermon (also known as a homily within some churches) is usually delivered in a place of worship from an elevated architectural feature, variously known as a pulpit, a lectern, or an ambo. The word "sermon" comes from a Middle English word which was derived from Old French, which in turn came from the Latin word sermō meaning "discourse". The word can mean "conversation", which could mean that early sermons were delivered in the form of question and answer, and that only later did it come to mean a monologue. However, the Bible contains many speeches without interlocution, which some take to be sermons: Moses in Deuteronomy 1-33 ; Jesus' sermon on the mount in Matthew 5-7 (though the gospel writers do not specifically call it a sermon; the popular descriptor for Christ's speech there came much later); Peter after Pentecost in Acts 2:14-40 (though this speech was delivered to nonbelievers and as such is not quite parallel to the popular definition of a sermon). In modern language, the word "sermon" is used in secular terms, pejoratively, to describe a lengthy or tedious speech delivered with great passion, by any person, to an uninterested audience. A sermonette is a short sermon (usually associated with television broadcasting, as stations would present a sermonette before signing off for the night)." (DBpedia, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#sermon
Tag: genre:sermon
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Sermon http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2015026051
rdf:type: genre:PerformanceMedium genre:ReligiousGenre

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sunday school story
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#sundaySchoolStory
Tag: genre:sundaySchoolStory
rdf:type: genre:ChildrensLiteratureGenre genre:ReligiousGenre

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theology

A branch of religious writing attempting to deal systematically with the study of a deity or deities or religious beliefs; the science of religion. (DBpedia, 2019)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#theology
Tag: genre:theology
rdf:type: genre:ReligiousGenre
skos:closeMatch: dbpedia:Theology

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tract pamphlet

"Writing printed on a single sheet of paper or in a small booklet, designed to be distributed to the public. The subject matter is typically religious or political, and aims to persuade the reader of a certain point of view." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#tractPamphlet
Tag: genre:tractPamphlet
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2015026053 http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300027211
rdf:type: genre:PoliticalGenre genre:ReligiousGenre

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courtship fiction

Fiction in which courtship is a major part of the plot.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#courtshipFiction
Tag: genre:courtshipFiction
rdf:type: genre:FictionalGenre genre:RomanceGenre

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literary romance

"Poetic or prosaic literary forms derived from medieval narratives of love, legendary or heroic adventures, and chivalry. Extends to narratives about important religious figures, or fantastic or supernatural events." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#romance
Tag: genre:romance
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026516 http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300191065
rdf:type: genre:RomanceGenre

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anti-romance

"An anti-romance, sometimes referred to as a satire, is a type of story characterized by having an apathetic or self-doubting anti-hero cast as the protagonist, who fails in the object of his journey or struggle. Most anti-romances take place in urban settings, and frequently feature insanity, depression, and the meaning of reality as major themes. An anti-romance is the antithesis of a romance." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#antiromance
Tag: genre:antiromance
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Anti-romance
rdf:type: genre:SatiricalGenre

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lampoon

"A coarse or crude satire ridiculing the appearance or character of another person." (L. K Wheeler, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to Dr. L. Kip Wheeler of Carson-Newman University.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#lampoon
Tag: genre:lampoon
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Libelle_(literary_genre)
rdf:type: genre:SatiricalGenre

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mock forms

Writing that uses the conventions of a specific genre satirically in order to mock or parody that genre.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#mockForms
Tag: genre:mockForms
rdf:type: genre:SatiricalGenre

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satire

"Literary compositions in verse or prose, or ideas expressed as the subjects of art works, in which human folly and vice are held up to scorn, derision, or ridicule." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#satire
Tag: genre:satire
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026525 http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300251297
rdf:type: genre:IntertextualGenre genre:SatiricalGenre

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architectural writing

[skos:altLabel: architecture ]

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#architecturalWriting
Tag: genre:architecturalWriting
rdf:type: genre:InformationalGenre genre:ScholarlyGenre genre:ThematicGenre

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art criticism

"The study or practice of the analytical description, interpretation, and evaluation of visual art works and exhibitions." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#artCriticism
Tag: genre:artCriticism
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2018026112 http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300168233
rdf:type: genre:ScholarlyGenre

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criticism

"Analyzing and evaluating the characteristics of man-made objects, literary works and documents, actions or projects. For critical descriptions or analyses of relatively recent works or events," (Getty, 2019)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#criticism
Tag: genre:criticism
owl:sameAs: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300055851
rdf:type: genre:ScholarlyGenre

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dissertation

"Written treatises, or the records of a discourse on a subject, usually prepared and presented as the final requirement for a degree or diploma and typically based on independent research and giving evidence of the candidate's mastery of the subject and of scholarly method." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#dissertation
Tag: genre:dissertation
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026039 http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300028029
rdf:type: genre:ScholarlyGenre

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essay

"Short literary compositions on single subjects, often presenting the personal view of the author." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#essay
Tag: genre:essay
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026094 http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300026291
rdf:type: genre:ScholarlyGenre

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feminist theory

"Feminist theory is the extension of feminism into theoretical, fictional, or philosophical discourse. It aims to understand the nature of gender inequality. It examines women's and men's social roles, experience, interests, chores, and feminist politics in a variety of fields, such as anthropology and sociology, communication, psychoanalysis, home economics, literature, education, and philosophy." (DBpedia, 2017)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#feministTheory
Tag: genre:feministTheory
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Feminist_theory https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feminist_theory
rdf:type: genre:FeministGenre genre:PhilosophicalGenre genre:ScholarlyGenre

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legal writing

"Legal writing is a type of technical writing used by lawyers, judges, legislators, and others in law to express legal analysis and legal rights and duties. Legal writing in practice is used to advocate for or to express the resolution of a client's legal matter." (DBpedia, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#legalWriting
Tag: genre:legalWriting
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Legal_writing
rdf:type: genre:ScholarlyGenre

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literary criticism

Writing that analyzes or critiques a literary work, often through the use of a particular literary theory, and typically in the form of an essay. (DBpedia, 2019)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#literaryCriticism
Tag: genre:literaryCriticism
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2017026126
rdf:type: genre:ScholarlyGenre
skos:closeMatch: dbpedia:Literary_criticism

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ma research paper
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#maResearchPaper
Tag: genre:maResearchPaper
rdf:type: genre:ScholarlyGenre

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ma thesis
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#maThesis
Tag: genre:maThesis
rdf:type: genre:ScholarlyGenre

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musicology

"Writing dealing with the scientific study of music." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#musicology
Tag: genre:musicology
owl:sameAs: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300054240
rdf:type: genre:ScholarlyGenre

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phd thesis
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#phdThesis
Tag: genre:phdThesis
rdf:type: genre:ScholarlyGenre

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psychoanalytical

Writing related to the field of psychology or psychiatry, particularly in connection with Sigmund Freud’s theories of psychoanalysis.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#psychoanalytical
Tag: genre:psychoanalytical
rdf:type: genre:ScholarlyGenre

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research
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#research
Tag: genre:research
rdf:type: genre:ScholarlyGenre

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scholarly writing

Writing by a scholar, either amateur or professional, typically focused on a specific field or topic in which the author is an expert.

[skos:altLabel: academic writing ]

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#scholarlyWriting
Tag: genre:scholarlyWriting
rdf:type: genre:ScholarlyGenre

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scientific writing

Writing relating to scientific research, often reporting the findings of a particular scientific study.

[skos:altLabel: science ]

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#scientificWriting
Tag: genre:scientificWriting
rdf:type: genre:ScholarlyGenre

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treatise

"Formal and systematic written expositions of the principles of a subject, generally longer and more detailed than essays." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#treatise
Tag: genre:treatise
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Treatise
rdf:type: genre:ScholarlyGenre

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film script
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#filmScript
Tag: genre:filmScript
rdf:type: genre:ScriptForm

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film tv script

"Written texts of stage plays, screenplays, and radio or television broadcasts." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

[skos:altLabel: tv script ]

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#filmTvScript
Tag: genre:filmTvScript
owl:sameAs: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300026487
rdf:type: genre:DramaticGenre genre:ScriptForm

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libretto

"Books or booklets containing the text or words of an opera or similar extended musical composition." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#libretto
Tag: genre:libretto
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Libretto http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026909
rdf:type: genre:OperaGenre genre:ScriptForm

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play script
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#playScript
Tag: genre:playScript
rdf:type: genre:ScriptForm

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radio script
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#radioScript
Tag: genre:radioScript
rdf:type: genre:ScriptForm

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script
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#script
Tag: genre:script
rdf:type: genre:ScriptForm

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book series

"A book series is a sequence of books having certain characteristics in common that are formally identified together as a group. Book series can be organized in different ways, such as written by the same author, or marketed as a group by their publisher." (DBpedia, 2017)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#bookSeries
Tag: genre:bookSeries
rdf:type: genre:SerialForm

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serial

A broad category indicating works in a range of media and genres published in parts, whether a television series or a serial podcast. For fiction published in installments there are also specific terms for those issued as separate publications serial volume or within sequential issues of the same periodical publication.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#serial
Tag: genre:serial
rdf:type: genre:SerialForm
skos:narrower: genre:serialPeriodical genre:serialVolume

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serial periodical

Serialized in print embedded within a larger periodical such as a magazine or newspaper.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#serialPeriodical
Tag: genre:serialPeriodical
rdf:type: genre:SerialForm
skos:broader: genre:serial

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serial volume

Serialized in print in the form of standalone numbers or volumes.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#serialVolume
Tag: genre:serialVolume
rdf:type: genre:SerialForm
skos:broader: genre:serial

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criminology

Scholarship, typically non-fiction, dealing with the study of crime, criminals, and criminal justice.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#criminology
Tag: genre:criminology
rdf:type: genre:SocialScienceGenre

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social science

Writing dealing with the study of human societies and relationships across several fields of scientific study, including anthropology, political science, and sociology.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#socialScience
Tag: genre:socialScience
rdf:type: genre:SocialScienceGenre

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anthem

"A song in which the lyrics promote pride in and allegiance to the identity and values of a particular group, such as a nation, sports team, or social cause." (Oxford, 2015)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Oxford Dictionary of Literary Terms, 4th ed.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#anthem
Tag: genre:anthem
dcterms:references: http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780199208272.001.0001/acref-9780199208272-e-61?rskey=9jlyTO%26result=61
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026635
rdf:type: genre:PoliticalGenre genre:SongGenre genre:ThematicGenre

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folk song

"A song recorded or transcribed after being preserved for generations by a particular culture through an oral tradition, or more recent songs composed in the style of that tradition." (Oxford, 2015)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Oxford Dictionary of Literary Terms, 4th ed.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#folkSong
Tag: genre:folkSong
dcterms:references: http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780199208272.001.0001/acref-9780199208272-e-470?rskey=icg8D9%26result=461
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026811
rdf:type: genre:SongGenre

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lullaby

"A lullaby, or cradle song, is a soothing song or piece of music, usually played for or sung to children. The purposes of lullabies vary. In some societies they are used to pass down cultural knowledge or tradition. In addition, lullabies are often used for the developing of communication skills, indication of emotional intent, maintenance of infants' undivided attention, modulation of infants' arousal, and regulation of behavior. Perhaps one of the most important uses of lullabies is as a sleep aid for infants. As a result, the music is often simple and repetitive. Lullabies can be found in many countries, and have existed since ancient times." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#lullaby
Tag: genre:lullaby
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026913
rdf:type: genre:ChildrensLiteratureGenre genre:DidacticGenre genre:SongGenre

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oratorio

"A lengthy musical composition for voice and orchestra, typically narrative and religious in nature. Unlike an opera, it is not a theatrical performance and does not include costumes or sets." (Oxford, 2015)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Oxford Dictionary of English, 3rd ed.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#oratorio
Tag: genre:oratorio
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Oratorio http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026977
rdf:type: genre:NarrativeGenre genre:ReligiousGenre genre:SongGenre

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psalm

"Sacred songs that may be sung or recited in religious worship, particularly those contained in the Book of Psalms in the Old Testament and Hebrew Scriptures." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Dictionnaire Vivant de la Langue Française.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#psalm
Tag: genre:psalm
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2015026079 http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300400527
rdf:type: genre:PoeticGenre genre:ReligiousGenre genre:SongGenre

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song

"A lyric poem with a number of repeating stanzas (called refrains), written to be set to music in either vocal performance or with accompaniment of musical instruments." (L. K Wheeler, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to Dr. L. Kip Wheeler of Carson-Newman University.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#song
Tag: genre:song
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Song http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014027103
rdf:type: genre:PoeticGenre genre:SongGenre

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sound recording - musical
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#soundRecordingMusical
Tag: genre:soundRecordingMusical
rdf:type: genre:SoundRecordingMedium

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sound recording – nonmusical
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#soundRecordingNonmusical
Tag: genre:soundRecordingNonmusical
rdf:type: genre:SoundRecordingMedium

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artist's book

"Artists' books (or art books) are works of art that utilize the form of the book. They are often published in small editions, though they are sometimes produced as one-of-a-kind objects." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#artistsBook
Tag: genre:artistsBook
rdf:type: genre:StandaloneWork
skos:related: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300123016

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book
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#book
Tag: genre:book
rdf:type: genre:StandaloneWork

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giftbook

"Books, usually illustrated literary anthologies, intended to be given as gifts and often published annually; popular in the 19th century. For works produced to mark an occasion, use "keepsakes (books)." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#giftbook
Tag: genre:giftbook
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2017026072 http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300202541
rdf:type: genre:StandaloneWork

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notebook

"Notebook is a style of writing where people jot down what they have thought or heard at the spur of moment. The contents of a notebook are unorganized, and the number of subjects covered in a notebook are unlimited: a paragraph of autobiography can be followed immediately by one on astronomy or one on history. Some famous authors are also famous for the notebooks they left. The Italian poet Giacomo Leopardi kept a notebook, called Zibaldone, from 1817 to 1832. The idea of keeping that, which contains no fewer than 4,526 pages, was possibly suggested by a priest who fled from the French Revolution and came to live in the poet's hometown. The priest suggested that "every literary man should have a written chaos such as this: notebook containing sottiseries, adrersa, excerpta, pugillares, commentaria... the store-house out of which fine literature of every kind may come, as the sun, moon, and stars issued out of chaos." There are writers who earned their posthumous fame solely by their notebooks, such as the German scientist and humorous writer Georg Lichtenberg. He called his notebooks "waste book," using the English book-keeping term. He explains the purpose of his "waste book" in his notebook E: The notebooks of scientists, such as those of Michael Faraday and Charles Darwin, can reveal the development of their scientific theories. On the other hand, the notebooks used by scientists for recording their experiments are called lab notebooks. The notebooks used by artists are usually referred as sketchbooks, which may contain more than sketches. Leonardo da Vinci's notebooks contain his writings on painting, sculpture, architecture, anatomy, mining, inventions and music, as well as his sketches, his grocery lists and the names of people who owed him money. In Chinese literature, "notebook" or biji is a distinct genre, and has a broader meaning." (DBpedia, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from CRHQ CNRS.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#notebook
Tag: genre:notebook
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Notebook_(style) http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026133
rdf:type: genre:StandaloneWork

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scrapbook

"Blank books or albums designed so that a variety of items may be affixed to the pages, including photographs, clippings, and other memorabilia." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#scrapbook
Tag: genre:scrapbook
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Photograph_album
rdf:type: genre:StandaloneWork
skos:related: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300027341

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sketch book

"Books or pads of blank sheets used or intended for sketching, which are informal or rough drawings." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#sketchBook
Tag: genre:sketchBook
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2017027262 http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300027354
rdf:type: genre:StandaloneWork

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drawing

"A drawing instrument releases small amount of material onto a surface, leaving a visible mark. The most common support for drawing is paper, although other materials, such as cardboard, plastic, leather, canvas, and board, may be used. Temporary drawings may be made on a blackboard or whiteboard or indeed almost anything. The medium has been a popular and fundamental means of public expression throughout human history. It is one of the simplest and most efficient means of communicating visual ideas. The wide availability of drawing instruments makes drawing one of the most common artistic activities. In addition to its more artistic forms, drawing is frequently used in commercial illustration, animation, architecture, engineering and technical drawing. A quick, freehand drawing, usually not intended as a finished work, is sometimes called a sketch. An artist who practices or works in technical drawing may be called a drafter, draftsman or a draughtsman." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#drawing
Tag: genre:drawing
rdf:type: genre:StillImageMedium genre:VisualArtMedium
skos:related: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300033973

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painting
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#painting
Tag: genre:painting
rdf:type: genre:StillImageMedium genre:VisualArtMedium
skos:related: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300033618

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photograph

"A photograph or photo is an image created by light falling on a light-sensitive surface, usually photographic film or an electronic medium such as a CCD or a CMOS chip. Most photographs are created using a camera, which uses a lens to focus the scene's visible wavelengths of light into a reproduction of what the human eye would see. The process and practice of creating photographs is called photography. The word "photograph" was coined in 1839 by Sir John Herschel and is based on the Greek φῶς (phos), meaning "light", and γραφή (graphê), meaning "drawing, writing", together meaning "drawing with light"." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#photograph
Tag: genre:photograph
rdf:type: genre:StillImageMedium genre:VisualArtMedium
skos:related: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300046300

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chapter
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#chapter
Tag: genre:chapter
rdf:type: genre:TextualMedium

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document
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#document
Tag: genre:document
rdf:type: genre:TextualMedium

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loose-leaf

"A loose leaf is a piece of paper that is not bound in place, but typically punched so as to be organized in a ring binder. Loose leaves may be sold as free sheets, or made up into notepads, where perforations allow them to be removed easily." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#looseLeaf
Tag: genre:looseLeaf
rdf:type: genre:TextualMedium
skos:related: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300257592

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manuscript

"A manuscript (abbreviated MS for singular and MSS for plural) is any document written by hand or typewritten, as opposed to being mechanically printed or reproduced in some automated way. More recently, it is understood to be an author's written, typed, or word-processed copy of a work, as distinguished from the print of the same. Before the arrival of printing, all documents and books were manuscripts. Manuscripts are not defined by their contents, which may combine writing with mathematical calculations, maps, explanatory figures or illustrations. Manuscripts may be in book form, scrolls or in codex format. Illuminated manuscripts are enriched with pictures, border decorations, elaborately embossed initial letters or full-page illustrations." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#manuscript
Tag: genre:manuscript
rdf:type: genre:TextualMedium
skos:related: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300028569

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anthem

"A song in which the lyrics promote pride in and allegiance to the identity and values of a particular group, such as a nation, sports team, or social cause." (Oxford, 2015)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Oxford Dictionary of Literary Terms, 4th ed.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#anthem
Tag: genre:anthem
dcterms:references: http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780199208272.001.0001/acref-9780199208272-e-61?rskey=9jlyTO%26result=61
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026635
rdf:type: genre:PoliticalGenre genre:SongGenre genre:ThematicGenre

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architectural writing

[skos:altLabel: architecture ]

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#architecturalWriting
Tag: genre:architecturalWriting
rdf:type: genre:InformationalGenre genre:ScholarlyGenre genre:ThematicGenre

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business
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#business
Tag: genre:business
rdf:type: genre:ThematicGenre

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coming out

Pertaining to the process of coming out sexually.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#comingOut
Tag: genre:comingOut
rdf:type: genre:LGBTQPlusGenre genre:ThematicGenre

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diasporic

[skos:altLabel: diaspora ]

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#diasporic
Tag: genre:diasporic
rdf:type: genre:PoliticalGenre genre:ThematicGenre

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domestic

"Domestic realism normally refers to the genre of nineteenth-century novels popular with women readers. This body of writing is also known as "sentimental fiction" or "woman's fiction". The genre is mainly reflected in the novel though short-stories and non-fiction works such as Harriet Beecher Stowe's "Our Country Neighbors" and The New Housekeeper's Manual written by Stowe and her sister-in-law Catharine Beecher are works of domestic realism. The style's particular characteristics are: "1. Plot focuses on a heroine who embodies one of two types of exemplar: the angel and the practical woman (Reynolds) who sometimes exist in the same work. Baym says that this heroine is contrasted with the passive woman (incompetent, cowardly, ignorant; often the heroine's mother is this type) and the "belle," who is deprived of a proper education. 2. The heroine struggles for self-mastery, learning the pain of conquering her own passions (Tompkins, Sensational Designs, 172). 3. The heroine learns to balance society's demands for self-denial with her own desire for autonomy, a struggle often addressed in terms of religion. 4. She suffers at the hands of abusers of power before establishing a network of surrogate kin. 5. The plots "repeatedly identify immersion in feeling as one of the great temptations and dangers for a developing woman. They show that feeling must be controlled. . . " (Baym 25). Frances Cogan notes that the heroines thus undergo a full education within which to realize feminine obligations (The All-American Girl). 6. The tales generally end with marriage, usually one of two possible kinds: A. Reforming the bad or "wild" male, as in Augusta Evans's St. Elmo (1867) B. Marrying the solid male who already meets her qualifications.Examples: Maria Cummins, The Lamplighter (1854) and Susan Warner, The Wide, Wide World (1850) 7. The novels may use a "language of tears" that evokes sympathy from the readers. 8. Richard Brodhead (Cultures of Letters) sees class as an important issue, as the ideal family or heroine is poised between a lower-class family exemplifying poverty and domestic disorganization and upper-class characters exemplifying an idle, frivolous existence (94)." An example of this style of novel is Jane Smiley's A Thousand Acres in which the main character's confinement is emphasized in such a way. Some early exponents of the genre of domestic realism were Jane Austen and Elizabeth Barrett Browning." (DBpedia, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#domestic
Tag: genre:domestic
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Domestic_realism
rdf:type: genre:NovelisticGenre genre:ThematicGenre

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environmental
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#environmental
Tag: genre:environmental
rdf:type: genre:ThematicGenre

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erotica

Creative works involving content that is sexually oriented and often arousing to their audiences; often distinguished from pornography by being less sexually explicit, more egalitarian, and providing a greater sense of narrative or context. See erotica or pornography and Erotica - Wikipedia

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#erotica
Tag: genre:erotica
rdf:type: genre:ThematicGenre
rdfs:seeAlso: dbpedia:Erotica
skos:narrower: genre:eroticaOrPornography
skos:related: genre:erotica genre:pornography
*skos:related: genre:pornography

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erotica or pornography

Creative works involving content that is sexually oriented, at times explicit, and often arousing to their audiences. Distinctions between erotica and pornography are historically and contextually influenced, often hotly contested, and reflect the subject position of the person making the classification. Many feminists including Gloria Steinem (cited in Wikipedia "Erotica") saw the two as distinguished by respect and reciprocity on the one hand and gender domination and objectification on the other, whereas Susanne Kappeler argued that common practices of representation are bound up in power differentials that can be pornographic without necessarily involving gender (Kappeler). Notwithstanding the feminist anti-pornography movement of the 1980s associated with thinkers such as Andrea Dworkin, both erotica and pornography have been championed by pro-sex feminists. See Erotica - Wikipedia, Pornography - Wikipedia and Feminist pornography - Wikipedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#eroticaOrPornography
Tag: genre:eroticaOrPornography
rdf:type: genre:ThematicGenre
rdfs:seeAlso: dbpedia:Erotica dbpedia:Feminist_pornography dbpedia:Pornography
skos:broader: genre:erotica genre:pornography

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eulogy

"A eulogy (from εὐλογία, eulogia, Classical Greek for "praise") is a speech or writing in praise of a person(s) or thing(s), especially one who recently died or retired or as a term of endearment. Eulogies may be given as part of funeral services. They take place in a funeral home during or after a wake. However, some denominations either discourage or do not permit eulogies at services to maintain respect for traditions. Eulogies can also praise people who are still alive. This normally takes place on special occasions like birthdays, office parties, retirement celebrations, etc. Eulogies should not be confused with elegies, which are poems written in tribute to the dead; nor with obituaries, which are published biographies recounting the lives of those who have recently died; nor with obsequies, which refer generally to the rituals surrounding funerals. Catholic priests are prohibited by the rubrics of the Mass from presenting a eulogy for the deceased in place of a homily during a funeral Mass. The modern use of the word eulogy was first documented in the 15th century and came from the Medieval Latin term “eulogium” (Merriam-Webster 2012). “Eulogium” at that time has since turned into the shorter “eulogy” of today. Eulogies are usually delivered by a family member or a close family friend in the case of a dead person. For a living eulogy given in such cases as a retirement, a senior colleague could perhaps deliver it. On occasions, eulogies are given to those who are severely ill or elderly in order to express words of love and gratitude before they die. Eulogies are not limited to merely people, however; Places or things can also be given eulogies (which anyone can deliver), but these are less common than those delivered to people, whether living or deceased." (DBpedia, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#eulogy
Tag: genre:eulogy
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Eulogy
rdf:type: genre:ThematicGenre

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exploration

Indicates works wherein a subject interacts with ostensibly new flora, fauna, peoples, and places. Such narratives often reflect colonialist and imperialist mentalities and stereotypes.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#exploration
Tag: genre:exploration
rdf:type: genre:ThematicGenre
skos:broader: genre:travel

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feminist

"Writing concerned with the unique experience of being a woman or alternatively writing designed to challenge existing preconceptions of gender. Examples of feminist writings include Christine de Pisan's medieval work, The City of Ladies; Aemilia Lanyer's Renaissance treatise, Salve Deus, Rex Judaeorum (which presented the then-shocking idea that Adam was just as much to blame for the fall of man as Eve was in the Genesis account); Mary Wollstonecraft's Vindication, and Susan B. Anthony's nineteenth-century essays (which presented the equally shocking idea that women in America and Canada should have the right to vote). Many female students in my class preface their discussions of feminist writings by stating, "I'm not a feminist, but ..." This tendency always puzzled me, since it implies that feminism is something negative, radical, or always liberal. Worse yet, it implies that it's bad for women to want crazy, misguided things like education, equal health insurance, similar pay to what men earn in similar professions, freedom from harassment, and funding for medical problems concerning women, such as breast and uterine cancer research, which are the primary concerns of feminism. Somewhere toward the end of the twentieth-century, detractors of such writers have caricatured these demands as "man-hating" or "anti-family." As an antidote to such thinking, keep in mind the broader definition: a feminist is anyone who thinks that women are people too." (L. K Wheeler, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to Dr. L. Kip Wheeler of Carson-Newman University.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#feminist
Tag: genre:feminist
dcterms:references: http://web.cn.edu/kwheeler/lit_terms_f.html
rdf:type: genre:FeministGenre genre:PoliticalGenre genre:ThematicGenre

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gardening

A text, typically non-fiction, dealing with the subject of gardening.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#gardening
Tag: genre:gardening
rdf:type: genre:ThematicGenre

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gothic

"Romantic fictions having a prevailing atmosphere of mystery and terror, often combined with a love story. The genre was introduced in England ca. 1765, but soon became popular elsewhere in Europe, reaching its heyday in the 1790s. The genre has undergone frequent revivals in subsequent centuries. It is called "Gothic" because the early examples were often set in part among medieval buildings and ruins, such as castles or monasteries." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#gothic
Tag: genre:gothic
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026360 http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300266777
rdf:type: genre:ThematicGenre

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guidebook

"Handbooks for the guidance of strangers or visitors in a district, town, building, etc., giving a description of the roads, places, or objects of interest to be found there." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#guidebook
Tag: genre:guidebook
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026108 http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300026300
rdf:type: genre:ThematicGenre

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harlequinade

"Books popular in the 18th and 19th centuries, originally often depicting harlequins, in which folded parts of pages are lifted to reveal new pictures, fitted neatly onto the remaining parts of the previous pictures." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#harlequinade
Tag: genre:harlequinade
owl:sameAs: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300212205
rdf:type: genre:ThematicGenre

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industrial novel

"A novel that exposes the living or working conditions of the 19th century-working class as a result of the industrial revolution. The shocking circumstances—extreme poverty, deplorable factory conditions, widespread disease, over-crowded housing, etc.—are typically described in great detail. Solutions are often proposed, but the main goal of an industrial novel is to make the plight of the lower class known to the middle and upper classes in order to promote social change." (Penguin, 1999)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Penguin Dictionary of Literary Terms & Literary Theory, 4th ed.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#industrialNovel
Tag: genre:industrialNovel
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Industrial_novel
rdf:type: genre:NovelisticGenre genre:PoliticalGenre genre:ThematicGenre
skos:related: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2017026040

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juvenile
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#juvenile
Tag: genre:juvenile
rdf:type: genre:ThematicGenre

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juvenilia

"Literary or artistic works produced by persons in their childhood or youth; usually used to set those works apart from later, mature works." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#juvenilia
Tag: genre:juvenilia
owl:sameAs: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300028883
rdf:type: genre:ThematicGenre

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lesbian

Lesbian literature is a subgenre of literature addressing lesbian themes. It includes poetry, plays, fiction addressing lesbian characters, and non-fiction about lesbian-interest topics.

[skos:altLabel: lesbianWriting ]

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#lesbian
Tag: genre:lesbian
rdf:type: genre:LGBTQPlusGenre genre:ThematicGenre

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lgbtq

"LGBT, or GLBT, is an initialism that stands for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender. In use since the 1990s, the term is an adaptation of the initialism LGB, which was used to replace the term gay in reference to the LGBT community beginning in the mid-to-late 1980s. Activists believed that the term gay community did not accurately represent all those to whom it referred. The initialism has become mainstream as a self-designation; it has been adopted by the majority of sexuality and gender identity-based community centers and media in the United States, as well as some other English-speaking countries. The term is used also in some other countries, particularly those which languages use the initialism, such as Argentina, France and Turkey. The initialism LGBT is intended to emphasize a diversity of sexuality and gender identity-based cultures. It may be used to refer to anyone who is non-heterosexual or non-cisgender, instead of exclusively to people who are lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgender. To recognize this inclusion, a popular variant adds the letter Q for those who identify as queer or are questioning their sexual identity; LGBTQ has been recorded since 1996. Those who wish to include intersex people in LGBT groups suggest an extended initialism LGBTI. This initialism is used in all parts of "The Activist's Guide" of the Yogyakarta Principles in Action. Some people combine the two acronyms and use the term LGBTIQ. Whether or not LGBT people openly identify themselves may depend on local political concerns and whether they live in a discriminatory environment, as well as on the status of LGBT rights where they live." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#lgbtq
Tag: genre:lgbtq
rdf:type: genre:LGBTQPlusGenre genre:ThematicGenre

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love

Generic modifier for a representation that deals primarily with the subject of love.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#love
Tag: genre:love
rdf:type: genre:ThematicGenre

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migration

[skos:altLabel: immigration writing ]

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#migration
Tag: genre:migration
rdf:type: genre:PoliticalGenre genre:ThematicGenre

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military

A thematic genre concerned with such matters as military lives, experiences, or history, whether at war or during peace time.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#military
Tag: genre:military
rdf:type: genre:ThematicGenre
skos:related: genre:
*skos:related: genre:war

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nationalist
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#nationalist
Tag: genre:nationalist
rdf:type: genre:PoliticalGenre genre:ThematicGenre
skos:related: dbpedia:Nationalism

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orientalist

"Writing about the East by Western writers and with a Western perspective, encompassing everything from fiction to scientific writing. In Orientalist writing, even if not looked down upon as inferior, Eastern cultures are represented as foreign and exotic, and in need of translation, interpretation, or explanation." (Penguin, 1999)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#orientalist
Tag: genre:orientalist
rdf:type: genre:InformationalGenre genre:ThematicGenre

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paranormal

"Paranormal events are phenomena described in popular culture, folklore, and other non-scientific bodies of knowledge, whose existence within these contexts is described to lie beyond normal experience or scientific explanation. A paranormal phenomenon is different from hypothetical concepts such as dark matter and dark energy. Unlike paranormal phenomena, these hypothetical concepts are based on empirical observations and experimental data gained through the scientific method. The most notable paranormal beliefs include those that pertain to ghosts, extraterrestrial life, unidentified flying objects, psychic abilities or extrasensory perception, and cryptids." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#paranormal
Tag: genre:paranormal
rdf:type: genre:ThematicGenre

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pastoral

"Genre that depicts or evokes idyllic life in the country; in works of pictorial art, often scenes of shepherds and shepherdesses in idealized arcadian landscapes." (Getty, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#pastoral
Tag: genre:pastoral
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026475 http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300250491
rdf:type: genre:ThematicGenre

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performance

A capacious and contested category of time-based and usually embodied human expression through actions or processes that may occur in institutionalized locations, more informal cultural contexts, and broader social situations, as in the performance of social identities. Most often applied to literary, artistic, musical, theatrical, or other creative work, or the representation or record of such work. Within the Records of Early English Drama project, "Performance has been broadly defined to encompass nearly every mimetic, musical, or ritualistic form of play used to entertain or otherwise engage an audience." REED Online, 2018)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#performance
Tag: genre:performance
rdf:type: genre:PerformanceMedium genre:ThematicGenre
skos:closeMatch: http://vocab.getty.edu/page/aat/300054146

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pornography

Creative works involving content that is sexually oriented and often arousing to their audiences; often distinguished from erotica by being more sexually explicit, or involving a power differential and the domination, objectification, or exploitation of women. Notwithstanding this common association, there are proponents of feminist pornography as a liberating genre, but anti-pornography feminists see a strong link between pornography and rape culture and understand pornography itself a form of violence against women. A pithy formulation is Robin Morgan's "Pornography is the theory, and rape is the practice" (Morgan 139). See Pornography - Wikipedia, Feminist pornography - Wikipedia, and Feminist views on pornography - Wikipedia

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#pornography
Tag: genre:pornography
rdf:type: genre:ThematicGenre
rdfs:seeAlso: dbpedia:Feminist_pornography dbpedia:Feminist_views_on_pornography dbpedia:Pornography
skos:narrower: genre:eroticaOrPornography
skos:related: genre:erotica
*skos:related: genre:erotica

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regional

Regional writing reflects the details of a specific region, whether in prose or poetry. Regionalism is often associated with rural areas and "local colour", and often allied with realism insofar as it seeks to distinguish one region clearly from others. At its best, as when practiced by Thomas Hardy, William Faulkner, Sara Jeannette Duncan, or Margaret Laurence, regionalism conveys not merely the superficialities or prosaic details of an area but a profound sense of the impact of place on individual characters and destinies.

Comment: Encyclopédie du Canada

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#regional
Tag: genre:regional
dcterms:references: http://www.encyclopediecanadienne.ca/fr/article/regionalisme-dans-la-litterature/
rdf:type: genre:ThematicGenre

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robinsonades

"Robinsonade (/ˌrɒbɪnsəˈneɪd/) is a literary genre that takes its name from the 1719 novel Robinson Crusoe by Daniel Defoe. The success of this novel spawned so many imitations that its name was used to define a genre, which is sometimes described simply as a "desert island story" or a "castaway narrative." The word "robinsonade" was coined by the German writer Johann Gottfried Schnabel in the Preface of his 1731 work Die Insel Felsenburg (The Island Stronghold). It is often viewed as a subgenre of survivalist fiction." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#robinsonades
Tag: genre:robinsonades
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026514
rdf:type: genre:ThematicGenre

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rural idyll

"An idyll or idyl (/ˈaɪdəl/ or /ˈɪdəl/; from Greek εἰδύλλιον, eidullion, "short poem") is a short poem, descriptive of rustic life, written in the style of Theocritus' short pastoral poems, the Idylls. Unlike Homer, Theocritus did not engage in heroes and warfare. His idylls are limited to a small intimate world, and describe scenes from everyday life. Later imitators include the Roman poets Virgil and Catullus, Italian poets Torquato Tasso, Sannazaro and Leopardi, the English poet Alfred, Lord Tennyson (Idylls of the King), and Nietzsche's Idylls from Messina. Goethe called his poem Hermann and Dorothea—which Schiller considered the very climax in Goethe's production—an idyll." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#ruralIdyll
Tag: genre:ruralIdyll
rdf:type: genre:PoeticGenre genre:ThematicGenre

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sea story

"Nautical fiction, frequently also naval fiction, sea fiction, naval adventure fiction or maritime fiction, is a genre of literature with a setting on or near the sea, that focuses on the human relationship to the sea and sea voyages and highlights nautical culture in these environments. The settings of nautical fiction vary greatly, including merchant ships, liners, naval ships, fishing vessels, life boats, etc., along with sea ports and fishing villages. When describing nautical fiction, scholars most frequently refer to novels, novellas, and short stories, sometimes under the name of sea novels or sea stories. These works are sometimes adapted for the theatre, film and television. The development of nautical fiction follows with the development of the English language novel and while the tradition is mainly British and North American, there are also significant works from literatures in Japan, France, Scandinavia, and other Western traditions. Though the treatment of themes and settings related to the sea and maritime culture is common throughout the history of western literature, nautical fiction, as a distinct genre, was first pioneered by James Fenimore Cooper (The Pilot, 1824) and Frederick Marryat (Frank Mildmay, 1829 and Mr Midshipman Easy 1836) at the beginning of the 19th century. There were 18th century and earlier precursors that have nautical settings, but few are as richly developed as subsequent works in this genre. The genre has evolved to include notable literary works like Herman Melville's Moby Dick (1851), Joseph Conrad's Lord Jim (1899–1900), popular fiction like C.S. Forester's Hornblower series (1937–67), and works by authors that straddle the divide between popular and literary fiction, like Patrick O'Brian's Aubrey-Maturin series (1970–2004). Because of the historical dominance of nautical culture by men, they are usually the central characters, except for works that feature ships carrying women passengers. For this reason, nautical fiction is often marketed for men. Nautical fiction usually includes distinctive themes, such as a focus on masculinity and heroism, investigations of social hierarchies, and the psychological struggles of the individual in the hostile environment of the sea. Stylistically, readers of the genre expect an emphasis on adventure, accurate representation of maritime culture, and use of nautical language. Works of nautical fiction often include elements overlapping with other genres, including historical fiction, adventure fiction, war fiction, children's literature, travel narratives (such as the Robinsonade), the social problem novel and psychological fiction." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#seaStory
Tag: genre:seaStory
rdf:type: genre:ThematicGenre

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sensational
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#sensational
Tag: genre:sensational
rdf:type: genre:ThematicGenre

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sentimental

"The sentimental novel or the novel of sensibility is an 18th-century literary genre which celebrates the emotional and intellectual concepts of sentiment, sentimentalism, and sensibility. Sentimentalism, which is to be distinguished from sensibility, was a fashion in both poetry and prose fiction beginning in the eighteenth century in reaction to the rationalism of the Augustan Age. Sentimental novels relied on emotional response, both from their readers and characters. They feature scenes of distress and tenderness, and the plot is arranged to advance both emotions and actions. The result is a valorization of "fine feeling," displaying the characters as a model for refined, sensitive emotional effect. The ability to display feelings was thought to show character and experience, and to shape social life and relations." (DBpedia, 2017)

Comment: The description for this term is indebted to DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#sentimental
Tag: genre:sentimental
owl:sameAs: dbpedia:Sentimental_novel http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026536
rdf:type: genre:NovelisticGenre genre:ThematicGenre

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temperance

"The temperance movement is a social movement against the consumption of alcoholic beverages. Temperance movements typically criticize excessive alcohol consumption, promote complete abstinence (teetotalism), or use its political influence to press the government to enact alcohol laws to regulate the availability of alcohol or even its complete prohibition." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#temperance
Tag: genre:temperance
rdf:type: genre:PoliticalGenre genre:ThematicGenre

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thematic writing

"Indicates a type of writing associated with some aspect of the text’s content or purpose, broadly conceived." (DBpedia, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from DBpedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#thematicWriting
Tag: genre:thematicWriting
rdf:type: genre:ThematicGenre

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travel writing

About experiences away from home, typically containing descriptions of the scenery and culture of places visited. Sometimes includes biographical content, such as travel literature written in the form of a personal journal or diary.

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from Wikipedia.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#travel
Tag: genre:travel
rdf:type: genre:NarrativeGenre genre:ThematicGenre
skos:closeMatch: https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9cit_de_voyage
skos:narrower: genre:exploration

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war

A themtic genre concerning engagement with war in a range of forms and media and from a range of perspectives, including both front-line experiences, the lives of those imprisoned by war, experiences of living and working at a remove from battle. Includes historical and documentary approaches.

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#war
Tag: genre:war
rdf:type: genre:PoliticalGenre genre:ThematicGenre
skos:related: genre:military

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western
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#western
Tag: genre:western
owl:sameAs: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026594
rdf:type: genre:ThematicGenre

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archival material
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#archivalMaterial
Tag: genre:archivalMaterial
rdf:type: genre:ThreeDimensionalMedium
skos:related: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300379505

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ephemera

"Ephemera (singular: ephemeron) are any transitory written or printed matter not meant to be retained or preserved. The word derives from the Greek ephemeros, meaning "lasting only one day, short-lived". Some collectible ephemera are advertising trade cards, airsickness bags, bookmarks, catalogues, greeting cards, letters, pamphlets, postcards, posters, prospectuses, defunct stock certificates or tickets, and zines." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#ephemera
Tag: genre:ephemera
rdf:type: genre:ThreeDimensionalMedium
skos:related: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300028881

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mixed materials
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#mixedMaterials
Tag: genre:mixedMaterials
rdf:type: genre:ThreeDimensionalMedium
skos:related: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300163347

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realia

"In library classification systems, the term realia refers to three-dimensional objects from real life such as coins, tools, and textiles, that do not easily fit into the orderly categories of printed material. They can be either man-made (artifacts, tools, utensils, etc.) or naturally occurring (specimens, samples, etc.), usually borrowed, purchased, or received as donation by a teacher, library, or museum for use in classroom instruction or in exhibits. Archival and manuscript collections often receive items of memorabilia such as badges, emblems, insignias, jewelry, leather goods, needlework, etc., in connection with gifts of personal papers. Most government or institutional archives reject gifts of non-documentary objects unless they have a documentary value. When accepting large bequests of mixed objects they normally have the donors sign legal documents giving permission to the archive to destroy, exchange, sell or dispose in any way those objects which, according to the best judgement of the archivist, are not manuscripts (which can include typescripts or printouts) or are not immediately useful for understanding the manuscripts." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#realia
Tag: genre:realia
rdf:type: genre:ThreeDimensionalMedium

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three dimensional object
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#threeDimensionalObject
Tag: genre:threeDimensionalObject
rdf:type: genre:ThreeDimensionalMedium

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animation

"Animation is the process of making the illusion of motion and change by means of the rapid display of a sequence of static images that minimally differ from each other. The illusion—as in motion pictures in general—is thought to rely on the phi phenomenon. Animators are artists who specialize in the creation of animation.Animation can be recorded with either analogue media, a flip book, motion picture film, video tape, digital media, including formats with animated GIF, Flash animation and digital video. To display animation, a digital camera, computer, or projector are used along with new technologies that are produced. Animation creation methods include the traditional animation creation method and those involving stop motion animation of two and three-dimensional objects, paper cutouts, puppets and clay figures. Images are displayed in a rapid succession, usually 24, 25, 30, or 60 frames per second." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#animation
Tag: genre:animation
rdf:type: genre:MovingMedium genre:VisualArtMedium

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drawing

"A drawing instrument releases small amount of material onto a surface, leaving a visible mark. The most common support for drawing is paper, although other materials, such as cardboard, plastic, leather, canvas, and board, may be used. Temporary drawings may be made on a blackboard or whiteboard or indeed almost anything. The medium has been a popular and fundamental means of public expression throughout human history. It is one of the simplest and most efficient means of communicating visual ideas. The wide availability of drawing instruments makes drawing one of the most common artistic activities. In addition to its more artistic forms, drawing is frequently used in commercial illustration, animation, architecture, engineering and technical drawing. A quick, freehand drawing, usually not intended as a finished work, is sometimes called a sketch. An artist who practices or works in technical drawing may be called a drafter, draftsman or a draughtsman." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#drawing
Tag: genre:drawing
rdf:type: genre:StillImageMedium genre:VisualArtMedium
skos:related: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300033973

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film

"("Movie" and "Moving picture" redirect here. For other uses, see Movie (disambiguation) and Moving picture (disambiguation).) A film, also called a movie, motion picture, theatrical film or photoplay, is a series of still images which, when shown on a screen, creates the illusion of moving images due to the phi phenomenon. This optical illusion causes the audience to perceive continuous motion between separate objects viewed rapidly in succession. The process of filmmaking is both an art and an industry. A film is created by photographing actual scenes with a motion picture camera; by photographing drawings or miniature models using traditional animation techniques; by means of CGI and computer animation; or by a combination of some or all of these techniques and other visual effects. The word "cinema", short for cinematography, is often used to refer to the industry of films and filmmaking or to the art of filmmaking itself. The contemporary definition of cinema is the art of simulating experiences to communicate ideas, stories, perceptions, feelings, beauty or atmosphere by the means of recorded or programmed moving images along with other sensory stimulations. Films were originally recorded onto plastic film through a photochemical process, and then shown through a movie projector onto a large screen. The adoption of CGI-based special effects led to the use of digital intermediates. Most contemporary films are now fully digital through the entire process of production, distribution, and exhibition from start to finish. Films recorded in a photochemical form traditionally included an analogous optical soundtrack, which is a graphic recording of the spoken words, music and other sounds that accompany the images. It runs along a portion of the film exclusively reserved for it and is not projected. Films are cultural artifacts created by specific cultures. They reflect those cultures, and, in turn, affect them. Film is considered to be an important art form, a source of popular entertainment, and a powerful medium for educating—or indoctrinating—citizens. The visual basis of film gives it a universal power of communication. Some films have become popular worldwide attractions by using dubbing or subtitles to translate the dialog into the language of the viewer. Some have criticized the film industry's glorification of violence and its potentially negative treatment of women. The individual images that make up a film are called frames. During projection of traditional films, a rotating shutter causes intervals of darkness as each frame in turn is moved into position to be projected, but the viewer does not notice the interruptions because of an effect known as persistence of vision, whereby the eye retains a visual image for a fraction of a second after the source has been removed. The perception of motion is due to a psychological effect called phi phenomenon. The name "film" originates from the fact that photographic film (also called film stock) has historically been the medium for recording and displaying motion pictures. Many other terms exist for an individual motion picture, including picture, picture show, moving picture, photoplay and flick. The most common term in the United States is movie, while in Europe film is preferred. Terms for the field in general include the big screen, the silver screen, the movies and cinema; the latter is commonly used in scholarly texts and critical essays, especially by European writers. In early years, the word sheet was sometimes used instead of screen." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#film
Tag: genre:film
rdf:type: genre:MovingMedium genre:VisualArtMedium

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painting
URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#painting
Tag: genre:painting
rdf:type: genre:StillImageMedium genre:VisualArtMedium
skos:related: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300033618

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photograph

"A photograph or photo is an image created by light falling on a light-sensitive surface, usually photographic film or an electronic medium such as a CCD or a CMOS chip. Most photographs are created using a camera, which uses a lens to focus the scene's visible wavelengths of light into a reproduction of what the human eye would see. The process and practice of creating photographs is called photography. The word "photograph" was coined in 1839 by Sir John Herschel and is based on the Greek φῶς (phos), meaning "light", and γραφή (graphê), meaning "drawing, writing", together meaning "drawing with light"." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#photograph
Tag: genre:photograph
rdf:type: genre:StillImageMedium genre:VisualArtMedium
skos:related: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300046300

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video recording

"Video is an electronic medium for the recording, copying, playback, broadcasting, and display of moving visual media. Video systems vary greatly in the resolution of the display and refresh rate. Video can be carried on a variety of media, including radio broadcast, tapes, DVDs, computer files etc." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#videoRecording
Tag: genre:videoRecording
rdf:type: genre:MovingMedium genre:VisualArtMedium
skos:related: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300028682

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visual art

"The visual arts are art forms such as ceramics, drawing, painting, sculpture, printmaking, design, crafts, photography, video, filmmaking, literature, and architecture. Many artistic disciplines (performing arts, conceptual art, textile arts) involve aspects of the visual arts as well as arts of other types. Also included within the visual arts are the applied arts such as industrial design, graphic design, fashion design, interior design and decorative art. Current usage of the term "visual arts" includes fine art as well as the applied, decorative arts and crafts, but this was not always the case. Before the Arts and Crafts Movement in Britain and elsewhere at the turn of the 20th century, the term 'artist' was often restricted to a person working in the fine arts (such as painting, sculpture, or printmaking) and not the handicraft, craft, or applied art media. The distinction was emphasized by artists of the Arts and Crafts Movement, who valued vernacular art forms as much as high forms. Art schools made a distinction between the fine arts and the crafts, maintaining that a craftsperson could not be considered a practitioner of the arts. The increasing tendency to privilege painting, and to a lesser degree sculpture, above other arts has been a feature of Western art as well as East Asian art. In both regions painting has been seen as relying to the highest degree on the imagination of the artist, and the furthest removed from manual labour - in Chinese painting the most highly valued styles were those of "scholar-painting", at least in theory practiced by gentleman amateurs. The Western hierarchy of genres reflected similar attitudes." (DBpedia, 2019)

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#visualArt
Tag: genre:visualArt
rdf:type: genre:VisualArtMedium

3. Deprecated Terms

Global Cross Reference of Deprecated Terms

Terms and details

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genre:BookForm

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#BookForm

Book/Standalone Work

A substantial, standalone work of writing in either or both of the physical or the intellectual sense of the term. Note: Used to class texts encoded using the “m” (monographic) value for the level attribute of the title element. See TEI element title .

Comment: Deprecated in favour of class Standalone Work/Book.

Replaced by: genre:StandaloneWork

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genre:PartialForm

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#PartialForm

Partial/Embedded Work

Indicates "portions of documents or other written works, either included as discrete sections in an extant document or detached from the original document." (Getty, 2019) Note: Used to class texts encoded using the “a” (analytic) value for the level attribute in the Text Encoding Initiative Schema. See TEI element title .

Comment: Deprecated in favour of class Embedded/Partial Work.

Replaced by: genre:EmbeddedWork

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genre:boutsRimés

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#boutsRimés

bouts-rimés

"The result of a game popularized in 17th-century France in which a poet must write a logical poem using a list of random rhyming words written by someone else." (Oxford, 2015)

Comment: Deprecated in favour of instance bouts-rimés.

Replaced by: genre:boutsRimes

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genre:criticalAnalysis

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#criticalAnalysis

critical analysis

"Critical thinking, also called critical analysis, is clear, rational thinking involving critique. Its details vary amongst those who define it. According to Barry K. Beyer (1995), critical thinking means making clear, reasoned judgments. During the process of critical thinking, ideas should be reasoned, well thought out, and judged. The National Council for Excellence in Critical Thinking defines critical thinking as the "intellectually disciplined process of actively and skillfully conceptualizing, applying, analyzing, synthesizing, and/or evaluating information gathered from, or generated by, observation, experience, reflection, reasoning, or communication, as a guide to belief and action."" (DBpedia, 2019)

Comment: Deprecated with no current equivalence.

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genre:immigration

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#immigration

immigration

Comment: Deprecated in favour of instance migration.

Replaced by: genre:migration

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genre:àClef

URI: http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/genre#àClef

à clef

"A novel in which the characters and plots are fictionalized, but can actually be recognized as real people and events in disguise. French for "novel with a key."" (DBpedia, 2017)

Comment: This term and its description were created from data gathered from DBpedia.

Replaced by: genre:aClef

4. Version History

  • 0.1 - Ontology separated off from main cwrc ontology.

  • 0.2 - Definitions and translations added.

  • 0.3 - Deprecating of all genre instances and new uris, and instances being typed as Literary Genre.

5. Bibliography

Baldick, C. The Oxford Dictionary Of Literary Terms. no date. 4th ed., Oxford University Press, 2015. [link]
Briet, S. Qu'est-Ce Que La Documentation?. no date. Éditions Documentaires Industrielles et Techniques, 1951. [link]
Cuddon, J. A. The Penguin Dictionary Of Literary Terms And Literary Theory. no date. Edited by C. E. Preston, 4th ed., Penguin Books, 1999. [link]
Dbpedia. Dbpedia. no date. DBpedia, 2017. [link]
Dbpedia. Dbpedia. no date. no date. [link]
Eichhorn, K. ; M. Prismatic Publics : Innovative Canadian Women's Poetry And Poetics. no date. Coach House, 2009. [link]
Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica. no date. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 2017. [link]
Foster, J. W. The Cambridge Companion To The Irish Novel. no date. Cambridge University Press, 2006. [link]
Getty Art And Architecture Thesaurus. Getty Art And Architecture Thesaurus. no date. The J. Paul Getty Trust, 2017. [link]
Gruninger, M., and M. Fox. Methodology For The Design And Evaluation Of Ontologies. no date. University of Toronto, 1995Apr . [link]
Harper, C., and B. Tillett. “Library Of Congress Controlled Vocabularies And Their Application To The Semantic Web”. no date. Cataloging & Classification Quarterly, 2007. [link]
Ifla Study Group On The Functional Requirements For Bibliographic Records. Ifla Study Group On The Functional Requirements For Bibliographic Records. no date. K.G. Saur Verlag, 1998. [link]
Kappeler, S. The Pornography Of Representation. no date. University of Minnesota Press, 1986. [link]
L. K. Wheeler Literary Terms. L. K. Wheeler Literary Terms. no date. 2017. [link]
Lester, M. Coincidence Of User Vocabulary And Library Of Congress Subject Headings: Experiments To Improve Subject Access In Academic Libra. no date. no date. [link]
Lu, C., et al. “User Tags Versus Expert-Assigned Subject Terms: A Comparison Of Librarything Tags And Library Of Congress Subject Headings.”. no date. Journal Of Information Science, 2010Nov. . [link]
MazellaMazella, D. D. The Making Of Modern Cynicism. no date. University of Virginia Press, 2007. [link]
Merriam-Webster. Merriam-Webster. no date. Merriam-Webster, Incorporated, 2017. [link]
Michelson, D. “Irreconcilable Differences? Name Authority Control And Humanities Scholarship”. no date. Hanging Together, 2013Mar. . [link]
Miller, C. “Genre As Social Action”. no date. Quarterly Journal Of Speech, 2009June . [link]
Morgan, R. “Theory And Practice: Pornography And Rape”. no date. Take Back The Night: Women On Pornography, 1980. [link]
Ranganathan, S. R. Prolegomena To Library Classification. no date. Asia Publishing House (New York), 1967. [link]
Richard, K., and P. Gandel. “The Tower, The Cloud, And Posterity.”. no date. The Tower And The Cloud, 2008. [link]
Stevenson, A. The Oxford Dictionary Of English. no date. 3rd ed., Oxford University Press, 2015. [link]
“Advertising Copy”. “Advertising Copy”. no date. Business Dictionary, WebFinance Inc., 2017. [link]